ReviewAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2012
Posaconazole exposure-response relationship: evaluating the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring.
Review in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 149 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship between posaconazole concentrations and clinical outcomes in paediatric cancer and haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Pooled it
- Too Much of a Good Thing: Defining Antimicrobial Therapeutic Targets to Minimize Toxicity.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Aspergillosis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Guideline
- Real World Posaconazole Pharmacokinetic Data in Paediatric Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety Assessment of Antifungal Prophylaxis with Posaconazole Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pediatric Patients with Oncohematological Disorders-A Single-Centre Study.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Approaches for posaconazole therapeutic drug monitoring and their clinical benefits.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Review
- Individualized regimen of Posaconazole oral suspension in Chinese HSCT patients based on population pharmacokinetic model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Dosing Optimization of Posaconazole in Lung-Transplant Recipients Based on Population Pharmacokinetic Model.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Exposure-Response Relationship of Posaconazole Suspension in Theprophylaxis of Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2023Article
- Systemic Antifungal Therapy for Invasive Pulmonary Infections.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Osteoarticular Mycoses.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Challenges in the Treatment of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised Children.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antifungal Agents in Critically Ill Patients: Is There a Need for Dose Optimisation?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Rapid and Simple Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) Method for Simultaneous Quantifications of Triazole Antifungals in Human Serum.Mycopathologia · 2021Article
- Characterization of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Practices of Voriconazole and Posaconazole at a Pediatric Hospital.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2021Article
- Predicting the Outcome of Voriconazole Individualized Medication Using Integrated Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Evaluation of Posaconazole Dosing in Children and Young Adults: A Single-Center Review.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2021Article
- Posaconazole-Induced Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess.Kidney international reports · 2020Article
- Review
- Invasive Fungal Infection After Lung Transplantation: Epidemiology in the Setting of Antifungal Prophylaxis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Posaconazole has become an important part of the antifungal armamentarium in the prophylaxis and salvage treatment of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Structurally related to itraconazole, posaconazole displays low oral bioavailability due to poor solubility, with significant drug interactions and gastrointestinal disease also contributing to the generally low posaconazole plasma concentrations observed in patients. While therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of plasma concentrations is widely accepted for other triazole antifungal agents such as voriconazole, the utility of TDM for posaconazole is controversial due to debate over the relationship between posaconazole exposure in plasma and clinical response to therapy. This review examines the available evidence for a relationship between plasma concentration and clinical efficacy for posaconazole, as well as evaluating the utility of TDM and providing provisional target concentrations for posaconazole therapy. Increasing evidence supports an exposure-response relationship for plasma posaconazole concentrations for prophylaxis and treatment of IFIs; a clear relationship has not been identified between posaconazole concentration and toxicity. Intracellular and intrapulmonary concentrations have been studied for posaconazole but have not been correlated to clinical outcomes. In view of the high mortality and cost associated with the treatment of IFIs, increasing evidence of an exposure-response relationship for posaconazole efficacy in the prevention and treatment of IFIs, and the common finding of low posaconazole concentrations in patients, TDM for posaconazole is likely to be of significant clinical utility. In patients with subtherapeutic posaconazole concentrations, increased dose frequency, administration with high-fat meals, and withdrawal of interacting medications from therapy are useful strategies to improve systemic absorption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.