ArticlePloS one2012
Repertoire of intensive care unit pneumonia microbiota.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Clinical characteristics and prognostic impact of streptococcal colonization in critically ill patients with severe pneumonia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Observational
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- Editorial Note: Serologic Prevalence of Amoeba-Associated Microorganisms in Intensive Care Unit Pneumonia Patients.PloS one · 2026Article
- Insights into the role of the respiratory tract microbiome in defense against bacterial pneumonia.Current opinion in microbiology · 2024Review
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- Gastrointestinal Dysbiosis in Neuro-Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review of Case-Control Studies.Cureus · 2023Review
- Metagenomics for the microbiological diagnosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia (HAP/VAP) in intensive care unit (ICU): a proof-of-concept study.Respiratory research · 2023Article
- Lung microbiome on admission in critically ill patients with acute bacterial and viral pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The gut microbiota composition is linked to subsequent occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Specific associations between fungi and bacteria in broncho-alveolar aspirates from mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients.Virulence · 2022Article
- Airway Prevotella promote TLR2-dependent neutrophil activation and rapid clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the lung.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Identifying oral disease variables associated with pneumonia emergence by application of machine learning to integrated medical and dental big data to inform eHealth approaches.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2022Article
- Gut microbiota composition reflects disease progression, severity and outcome, and dysfunctional immune responses in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
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- Lung Microbiome in Critically Ill Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Sepsis and the Human Microbiome. Just Another Kind of Organ Failure? A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Expression of concern · 2022-12-13Investigation by Journal/Publisher ·
- Commented on by
- Expression of concern
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the considerable number of studies reported to date, the causative agents of pneumonia are not completely identified. We comprehensively applied modern and traditional laboratory diagnostic techniques to identify microbiota in patients who were admitted to or developed pneumonia in intensive care units (ICUs). During a three-year period, we tested the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, non-ventilator ICU pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia, and compared the results with those from patients without pneumonia (controls). Samples were tested by amplification of 16S rDNA, 18S rDNA genes followed by cloning and sequencing and by PCR to target specific pathogens. We also included culture, amoeba co-culture, detection of antibodies to selected agents and urinary antigen tests. Based on molecular testing, we identified a wide repertoire of 160 bacterial species of which 73 have not been previously reported in pneumonia. Moreover, we found 37 putative new bacterial phylotypes with a 16S rDNA gene divergence ≥ 98% from known phylotypes. We also identified 24 fungal species of which 6 have not been previously reported in pneumonia and 7 viruses. Patients can present up to 16 different microorganisms in a single BAL (mean ± SD; 3.77 ± 2.93). Some pathogens considered to be typical for ICU pneumonia such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus species can be detected as commonly in controls as in pneumonia patients which strikingly highlights the existence of a core pulmonary microbiota. Differences in the microbiota of different forms of pneumonia were documented.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.