Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22385956›Full record

ReviewCell2012

Mechanisms for insulin resistance: common threads and missing links.

Varman T Samuel, Gerald I Shulman

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cell, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,147 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,147citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
88.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02502344 phase4unknown statusstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

The Research About the Influence of Medical Interventions in the Period of Insulin Resistance on Prevalence of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance

Ran2015Enrolled60Registered outcomes1Posted comparisons0ConditionsInsulin ResistanceArmshealthy lifestyle, Metformin
PMID 15561905PMID 18502303PMID 25070616other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT05427799 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

The Influence of Daily Honey Consumption on Insulin Resistance in Obese Women With Insulin Resistance

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of JordanRan2022 to 2024Enrolled20ConditionsInsulin ResistanceArmsHoney, Other carbohydrate alternatives such as jell-o
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1,147 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,133 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The Role of Fat-Free Mass in Weight-Related Complications: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

1,087 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Varman T SamuelDepartment of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. varman.samuel@yale.edu
Gerald I Shulman
Veterans Health Administration · USYale University · US

Funding

Yale Diabetes Research CenterP30DK045735 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Richard A Flavell · 1993 to 2026
$44.0M
Yale Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping CenterU24DK059635 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHULMAN, GERALD I · 2001 to 2015
$8.9M
Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Insulin ResistanceP01DK068229 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHULMAN, GERALD I · 2004 to 2008
$7.0M
Genetic and Cellular Mechanisms of NAFLD and Hepatic Insulin ResistanceR24DK085638 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHULMAN, GERALD I · 2010 to 2014
$6.3M
NMR STUDIES OF GLYCOGEN METABOLISM IN HUMANSR01DK049230 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHULMAN, GERALD I · 1995 to 2014
$5.4M
Mechanisms of Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin ResistanceR01DK040936 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHULMAN, GERALD I · 1989 to 2015
$5.1M
Yale Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping CenterU2CDK059635 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHULMAN, GERALD I · 2016 to 2016
$493k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIDDK NIH HHS DK-059635NIDDK NIH HHS DK-08638NIDDK NIH HHS DK-40936NIDDK NIH HHS DK-45735NIDDK NIH HHS DK-49230NIDDK NIH HHS P01 DK068229NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK045735NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK040936NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK049230NIDDK NIH HHS R24 DK085638NIDDK NIH HHS U24 DK059635
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic disorder that defies explanation by a single etiological pathway. Accumulation of ectopic lipid metabolites, activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, and innate immune pathways have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. However, these pathways are also closely linked to changes in fatty acid uptake, lipogenesis, and energy expenditure that can impact ectopic lipid deposition. Ultimately, these cellular changes may converge to promote the accumulation of specific lipid metabolites (diacylglycerols and/or ceramides) in liver and skeletal muscle, a common final pathway leading to impaired insulin signaling and insulin resistance.

Indexed as

Insulin ResistanceLipid MetabolismAnimalsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2DietEndoplasmic Reticulum StressFatty LiverHumansInsulinLiverMuscle, SkeletalNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseSignal TransductionUnfolded Protein ResponseInsulin

Identifiers

PMID22385956
PMCPMC3294420
OpenAlexW2086102771

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.