ArticleJournal of cardiac failure2012
A positive 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression screen among hospitalized heart failure patients is associated with elevated 12-month mortality.
Article in Journal of cardiac failure, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Depression increases the risk of mortality in patients with heart failure: A meta-analysis.Journal of psychosomatic research · 2017Pooled it
- Depressive symptoms are associated with higher rates of readmission or mortality after medical hospitalization: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of hospital medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Depression and anxiety as predictors of mortality among heart failure patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.Heart failure reviews · 2016Pooled it
- A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Telehealth Self-Management to Standard Outpatient Management in Underserved Black and Hispanic Patients Living with Heart Failure.Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association · 2019Trial
- Depression Subtypes in Systolic Heart Failure: A Secondary Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison PsychiatryTrial
- Development of a guided internet-based psychological intervention for patients with ischemic heart disease and comorbid anxiety and/or depression: A patient and public involvement study.Internet interventions · 2025Article
- Barriers to Immunosuppressant Medication Adherence in Thoracic Transplant Recipients: Initial Findings.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Sensor-Controlled Digital Game for Heart Failure Self-management: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Change in Depressive Symptoms During the First Month of Discharge and 1-Year Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Emotion regulation in patients with heart failure: Its relationship with depressive symptoms and rehospitalization.Journal of psychosomatic research · 2019Article
- Patient Health Questionnaire-2 Screening for Depressive Symptoms in Japanese Outpatients with Heart Failure.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2019Observational
- Assessment of Coping Strategies and Their Associations With Health Related Quality of Life in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: the Brief COPE Restructured.Cardiology research · 2015Article
- Recognition of depression and anxiety and their association with quality of life, hospitalization and mortality in primary care patients with heart failure - study protocol of a longitudinal observation study.BMC family practice · 2013Observational
- Medication adherence, depressive symptoms, and cardiac event-free survival in patients with heart failure.Journal of cardiac failure · 2013Article
- Depression and cardiac disease: epidemiology, mechanisms, and diagnosis.Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology · 2013Article
- Cardiac Depression Scale: Mokken scaling in heart failure patients.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2012Article
- The prognostic impact and optimal timing of the Patient Health Questionnaire depression screen on 4-year mortality among hospitalized patients with systolic heart failure.General hospital psychiatryArticle
- Blended Collaborative Care to Treat Heart Failure and Comorbid Depression: Rationale and Study Design of the Hopeful Heart Trial.Psychosomatic medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGiven the association of depression with poorer cardiac outcomes, an American Heart Association Science Advisory has advocated routine screening of cardiac patients for depression using the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) "at a minimum." However, the prognostic value of the PHQ-2 among HF patients is unknown. METHODS AND
resultsWe screened hospitalized HF patients (ejection fraction [EF] <40%) that staff suspected may be depressed with the PHQ-2, and then determined vital status at up to 12-months follow-up. At baseline, PHQ-2 depression screen-positive patients (PHQ-2+; n = 371), compared with PHQ-2 screen-negative patients (PHQ-2-; n = 100), were younger (65 vs 70 years) and more likely to report New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III/IV than class II symptoms (67% vs. 39%) and lower levels of physical and mental health-related quality of life (all P ≤ .002); they were similar in other characteristics (65% male, 26% mean EF). At 12 months, 20% of PHQ-2+ versus 8% of PHQ-2- patients had died (P = .007) and PHQ-2 status remained associated with both all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-6.7; P = .003) and cardiovascular (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1-6.6; P = .03) mortality even after adjustment for age, gender, EF, NYHA functional class, and a variety of other covariates.
conclusionsAmong hospitalized HF patients, a positive PHQ-2 depression screen is associated with an elevated 12-month mortality risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.