Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22380508›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2012

Cognitive reserve, cortical plasticity and resistance to Alzheimer's disease.

Margaret M Esiri, Steven A Chance

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02832921 (Cognitive-motor Intervention Using Virtual Reality for Middle-aged Individuals at High Dementia Risk), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02832921 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Cognitive-motor Intervention Using Virtual Reality for Middle-aged Individuals at High Dementia Risk

TypeinterventionalSponsorSheba Medical CenterRan2016 to 2019Enrolled200ConditionsAlzheimer's Disease (AD)Armscognitive training by virtual reality, watching a scientific TV documentary, treadmill
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  19. Simulation of neuroplasticity in a CNN-basedFrontiers in computational neuroscience · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Margaret M EsiriDepartment of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. margaret.esiri@clneuro.ox.ac.uk.
Steven A Chance

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There are aspects of the ageing brain and cognition that remain poorly understood despite intensive efforts to understand how they are related. Cognitive reserve is the concept that has been developed to explain how it is that some elderly people with extensive neuropathology associated with dementia show little in the way of cognitive decline. Cognitive reserve is intimately related to cortical plasticity but this also, as it relates to ageing, remains poorly understood at the present time. Despite the shortcomings in understanding, we do have some knowledge on which to base efforts to minimise the likelihood of an elderly person developing dementia. For some risks the evidence is far from secure, but resistance to Alzheimer's disease (AD) appears from epidemiological studies to be contributed to by avoiding hypertension in middle life, obesity, depression, smoking and diabetes and head injury and by undertaking extended years of education, physical exercise, and social and intellectual pursuits in middle and late life. Nutritional factors may also promote healthy brain ageing. Resistance to AD is also contributed to by genetic factors, particularly apolipoprotein E2, but some combinations of other genetic polymorphisms as well. Although multiple factors and possible interventions may influence cognitive reserve and susceptibility to dementia, much more work is required on the mechanisms of action in order to determine which, if any, may improve the clinical and epidemiological picture. Understanding of how such factors operate may lead to new initiatives to keep the elderly population in the 21st century able to lead active and fulfilling lives.

Identifiers

PMID22380508
PMCPMC3334540

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.