ArticleJournal of virology2012
West Nile virus noncoding subgenomic RNA contributes to viral evasion of the type I interferon-mediated antiviral response.
Article in Journal of virology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
137 citing papers in PubMed, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Article
- Interdependent RNA structural motifs at the 3'-terminus of the West Nile virus genome regulate viral growth.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Multiple orthoflaviviruses secrete sfRNA in mosquito saliva to promote transmission by inhibiting MDA5-mediated early interferon response.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cellular Responses to Flavivirus Infections: Stress Signaling at the Crossroads of Host Defense and Virus Infection.Viruses · 2026Review
- Scalable single-cell total RNA sequencing unifies coding and noncoding transcriptomics.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- An A-rich linker between dengue virus tandem xrRNAs facilitates functional coordination.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cellular Biology: Virus-Host Interactions and RNA Structure and Function.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2026Review
- Y-box binding proteins in immunity and RNA virus infection.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Identifying a novel region in the Tembusu virus NS5 protein antagonizing type I interferon signaling.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Scalable single-cell total RNA-seq reveals non-coding programs in immunity, infection, and brain development.Research square · 2025Article
- Tick-borne flavivirus exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs contain a double loop structure.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structure of coxsackievirus cloverleaf RNA and 3CScience advances · 2025Article
- The zinc finger protein ZFP36L2 inhibits flavivirus infection via the 5'-3' XRN1-mediated RNA decay pathway in the replication complexes.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- The Temperature-Associated Effects of Rift Valley Fever Virus Infections in Mosquitoes and Climate-Driven Epidemics: A Review.Viruses · 2025Review
- Distinct ZIKV strain signatures and type I IFN modulation reveal a protective role of brain endothelial interferon signalingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- The pseudoknot structure of a viral RNA reveals a conserved mechanism for programmed exoribonuclease resistance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Subgenomic flaviviral RNAs and human proteins:Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Zika virus non-coding RNAs antagonize antiviral responses by PKR-mediated translational arrest.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- The Nucleolus and Its Interactions with Viral Proteins Required for Successful Infection.Cells · 2024Review
77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We previously showed that a noncoding subgenomic flavivirus RNA (sfRNA) is required for viral pathogenicity, as a mutant West Nile virus (WNV) deficient in sfRNA production replicated poorly in wild-type mice. To investigate the possible immunomodulatory or immune evasive functions of sfRNA, we utilized mice and cells deficient in elements of the type I interferon (IFN) response. Replication of the sfRNA mutant WNV was rescued in mice and cells lacking interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) and IRF-7 and in mice lacking the type I alpha/beta interferon receptor (IFNAR), suggesting a contribution for sfRNA in overcoming the antiviral response mediated by type I IFN. This was confirmed by demonstrating rescue of mutant virus replication in the presence of IFNAR neutralizing antibodies, greater sensitivity of mutant virus replication to IFN-α pretreatment, partial rescue of its infectivity in cells deficient in RNase L, and direct effects of transfected sfRNA on rescuing replication of unrelated Semliki Forest virus in cells pretreated with IFN-α. The results define a novel function of sfRNA in flavivirus pathogenesis via its contribution to viral evasion of the type I interferon response.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.