Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22379063›Full record

ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2012

Vaccination with a DNA vaccine coding for perforin-like protein 1 and MIC6 induces significant protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii.

Hai-Kuo Yan, Zi-Guo Yuan, Hui-Qun Song, Eskild Petersen, Yang Zhou, Di Ren, Dong-Hui Zhou, Hao-Xin Li, Rui-Qing Lin, Gui-Lian Yang and 1 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. HarnessingAnnals of medicine · 2026
    Review
  2. Evaluation ofRecent advances in inflammation & allergy drug discovery · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Immunization With a DNA Vaccine Encoding theFrontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Article
  6. A Novel Vaccine Candidate: RecombinantFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Recent progress in microneme-based vaccines development againstClinical and experimental vaccine research · 2018
    Review
  11. AcuteFrontiers in immunology · 2018
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Mechanisms of cellular invasion by intracellular parasites.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2014
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Hai-Kuo YanState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
Zi-Guo Yuan
Hui-Qun Song
Eskild Petersen
Yang Zhou
Di Ren
Dong-Hui Zhou
Hao-Xin Li
Rui-Qing Lin
Gui-Lian Yang
Xing-Quan Zhu
South China Agricultural University · CNLanzhou Veterinary Research Institute · CNAarhus University · DKHunan Agricultural University · CNJilin Agricultural University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Host cell invasion by Toxoplasma gondii is tightly related to microneme protein 6 (MIC6) and T. gondii perforin-like protein 1 (TgPLP1). In this study, we constructed a DNA vaccine expressing a TgPLP1/MIC6 fusion protein using the pIRESneo vector, and we evaluated the immune response induced by this vaccine in Kunming mice. Levels of IgG antibody, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-12, IL-4, and IL-10 were examined. Five mice were chosen randomly from every group (vaccinated groups or the nonvaccinated control group) and were challenged intragastrically with 80 cysts of T. gondii strain PRU (genotype II) in order to observe mortality daily. To analyze protection against a less-virulent challenge, eight mice of each group were orally infected with 20 cysts of strain PRU at the 14th day after the last immunization. The brain parasite load was evaluated 6 weeks after infection. The results demonstrated that immunization with pIRESneo/MIC6/PLP1 resulted in the lowest brain cyst count and prolonged the survival time of immunized mice. The levels of Toxoplasma-specific IgG, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12 increased significantly, and the numbers of cysts in brains decreased more obviously, in the group immunized with plasmid pIRESneo/MIC6/PLP1 than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Compared with pIRESneo/MIC6/PLP1, coimmunization with pIRESneo/MIC6/PLP1 and adjuvant murine IL-18 promoted cellular and humoral immune responses but did not contribute significantly to cyst reduction (65.43% versus 61.60%) or the survival of immunized mice (45.0 ± 2.9 days versus 42.8 ± 2.9 days) (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the study also showed that the immune efficacy induced by pIRESneo/MIC6/PLP1 was better than that induced by pVAX/PLP1 or pVAX/MIC6 alone.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanBrainCell Adhesion MoleculesCytokinesDisease Models, AnimalFemaleImmunoglobulin GLymphocytesMiceParasite LoadPerforinPlasmidsProtozoan ProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsToxoplasmosis, AnimalAntibodies, ProtozoanCell Adhesion MoleculesCytokinesImmunoglobulin GMIC6 protein, Toxoplasma gondiiPerforinperforin-like protein 1, Toxoplasma gondiiProtozoan ProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsVaccines, DNAVaccines, Synthetic

Identifiers

PMID22379063
PMCPMC3346325
OpenAlexW2002771834

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.