Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2012
The prevalence of stunting is high in HIV-1-exposed uninfected infants in Kenya.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between maternal HIV infection and low birth weight and prematurity: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Pooled it
- Formula-Feeding of HIV-Exposed Uninfected African Children Is Associated with Faster Growth in Length during the First 6 Months of Life in the Kesho Bora Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2017Trial
- Early growth velocities and weight gain plasticity improve linear growth in Peruvian infants.Maternal & child nutrition · 2015Trial
- Lipid-based nutrient supplements are feasible as a breastmilk replacement for HIV-exposed infants from 24 to 48 weeks of age.The Journal of nutrition · 2013Trial
- Predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected women.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- Predicting severe stunting and its determinants among under-five in Eastern African Countries: A machine learning algorithms.PloS one · 2026Article
- Maternal Factors Influencing the Nutritional Status of HIV-Exposed Infants: A 12-Month Follow-Up in Mathare and Kibera Informal Settlements in Nairobi County.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Changes in peripheral quantitative computed tomography measured bone density, size, and strength in Zimbabwean children with and without HIV over one year: a cohort study.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Stunting among a High-Risk Population of Kenyan Children Recently Hospitalized for Acute Illnesses.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Neurodevelopment among children exposed to HIV and uninfected in sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Neurodevelopment of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected in Kenya.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index and infant weight trajectories in HIV-exposed and HIV-unexposed infants.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2022Article
- Child stunting starts in utero: Growth trajectories and determinants in Ugandan infants.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Article
- Dynamics of the infant gut microbiota in the first 18 months of life: the impact of maternal HIV infection and breastfeeding.Microbiome · 2022Article
- A comparison of weight gain between HIV exposed uninfected and HIV unexposed uninfected infants who received KMC at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Exploring the relationships between wasting and stunting among a cohort of children under two years of age in Niger.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Growth patterns and their contributing factors among HIV-exposed uninfected infants.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Article
- Maternal factors associated with moderate and severe stunting in Ethiopian children: analysis of some environmental factors based on 2016 demographic health survey.Nutrition journal · 2021Article
- Article
- Differences in Growth of HIV-exposed Uninfected Infants in Ethiopia According to Timing of In-utero Antiretroviral Therapy Exposure.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
As prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission (PMTCT) programs decrease the numbers of HIV-1-infected infants, it remains important to improve growth in HIV-1-exposed, uninfected (EU) infants. To determine the growth rate and predictors of growth faltering in breast-fed and formula-fed EU infants, growth analyses [weight-for-age (WAZ), weight-for-length (WLZ), and length-for-age (LAZ) Z-scores] were conducted by using data from a randomized feeding trial in HIV-1-infected women in Kenya. Growth faltering in EU infants was compared based on randomization to breastfeeding (BF) or formula feeding (FF) using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Linear mixed-effects models determined rate and cofactors of length growth. Among 338 EU infants, 164 (49%) were breast-fed and 174 (51%) formula-fed. In both arms, growth declined steadily during follow-up. By 2 y, 29% of children were underweight (WAZ < -2), 18% were wasted (WLZ < -2), and 58% were stunted (LAZ < -2), with no differences by feeding arm. Higher maternal education (y) and taller stature (cm) were associated with a decreased risk of underweight and stunting [underweight: adjusted HR (aHR) = 0.90 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.99), P = 0.03, and aHR = 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87, 0.97), P = 0.002; and stunting: aHR = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.97), P = 0.003, and aHR = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92, 0.99), P = 0.02, respectively]. Diarrhea was associated with an increased risk of wasting [aHR = 2.26 (95% CI: 1.11, 4.62), P = 0.03]. In multivariate analyses, FF was associated with slower declines in length velocity [0.24 LAZ/y (95% CI: 0.06, 0.43), P = 0.009]. Despite being uninfected, HIV-1-exposed infants showed frequent growth faltering, suggesting the need for vigilance in recognizing stunting within PMTCT programs. The slower rate of decline in length growth with FF may reflect benefits of micronutrients. Because BF is the best option for HIV-1-infected mothers in resource-limited settings, nutritional interventions should be examined for their impact on growth in EU breast-fed infants.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.