Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22377090›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2012

Intravenous gestational nicotine exposure results in increased motivation for sucrose reward in adult rat offspring.

Ryan T Lacy, Lauren L Hord, Amanda J Morgan, Steven B Harrod

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ryan T LacyProgram in Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton St., Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Lauren L Hord
Amanda J Morgan
Steven B Harrod
University of South Carolina · US

Funding

Prenatal IV nicotine: Long-term vulnerability to stimulant drugsR01DA021287 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI HARROD, STEVEN BROWN · 2007 to 2011
$1.2M
NIDA NIH HHS DA021287NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA021287
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrenatal tobacco smoke exposure is associated with alterations in motivated behavior in offspring, such as increased consumption of highly palatable foods and abused drugs. Animal models show that gestational nicotine (GN) exposure mediates changes in responding for sucrose and drug reward.

methodsA novel, intermittent low-dose intravenous (IV) exposure model was used to administer nicotine (0.05 mg/kg/injection) or saline 3×/day to rats on gestational days 8-21. Two experiments investigated the effect of IV GN on (1) the habituation of spontaneous locomotor activity and on (2) sucrose reinforced responding in offspring. For the operant experiments, animals acquired fixed-ratio (FR-3) responding for sucrose, 26% (w/v), and were tested on varying concentrations (0, 3, 10, 30, and 56%; Latin-square) according to a FR-3, and then a progressive-ratio (PR) schedule. Male and female adult offspring were used.

resultsIV GN did not alter birth or growth weight, or the number of pups born. No between-group differences in habituation to spontaneous locomotor activity were observed. FR testing produced an inverted U-shaped response curve, and rats showed peak responding for 10% sucrose reinforcement. Neither gestation nor sex affected responding, suggesting equivalent sensitivity to varying sucrose concentrations. PR testing revealed that GN rats showed greater motivation for sucrose reinforcement relative to controls.

conclusionsA low-dose, IV GN exposure model resulted in increased motivation to respond for sucrose reinforcement in adult offspring. This suggests that using a low number of cigarettes throughout pregnancy will result in increased motivation for highly palatable foods in adult, and perhaps, adolescent offspring.

Indexed as

Prenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAnimalsConditioning, OperantFemaleMaleMotivationMotor ActivityNicotinePregnancyRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReinforcement ScheduleRewardSucroseNicotineSucrose

Identifiers

PMID22377090
PMCPMC3648845
OpenAlexW2016147545

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.