ArticleCancer research2012
Increased CD8+ T-cell function following castration and immunization is countered by parallel expansion of regulatory T cells.
Article in Cancer research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Using Dendritic Cells in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Chemical castration of melanoma patients does not increase the frequency of tumor-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells after peptide vaccination.Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) · 2013Trial
- Targeting androgen receptor signaling to enhance cancer immunotherapy.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2025Review
- Bolstering CD8Biology · 2025Review
- Tracing the Evolution of Sex Hormones and Receptor-Mediated Immune Microenvironmental Differences in Prostate and Bladder Cancers: From Embryonic Development to Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Prostate cancer immunotherapy-based strategies: an updated review emphasizing immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Targeting a STING agonist to perivascular macrophages in prostate tumors delays resistance to androgen deprivation therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Sequence of androgen receptor-targeted vaccination with androgen deprivation therapy affects anti-prostate tumor efficacy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Hallmarks of sex bias in immuno-oncology: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2024Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells attenuate the antitumor efficacy of radiopharmaceutical therapy usingJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Immunome profiling in prostate cancer: a guide for clinicians.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy induces robust immune infiltration in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.Cancer cell · 2023Article
- Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance and Inflammation via Gonadal Steroid Hormones in Preterm Birth.Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) · 2023Article
- Androgen receptor blockade resistance with enzalutamide in prostate cancer results in immunosuppressive alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- Cancer Cell-Extrinsic Roles for the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer.Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint therapy in PTEN-null prostate cancer by intermittent anti-PI3Kα/β/δ treatment.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Combination therapy for mCRPC with immune checkpoint inhibitors, ADT and vaccine: A mathematical model.PloS one · 2022Article
- The transcriptome pattern of liver, spleen and hypothalamus provides insights into genetic and biological changes in roosters in response to castration.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- A marrow-minded look at immune checkpoint blockade resistance in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer.Translational andrology and urology · 2021Article
- Targeting the spectrum of immune checkpoints in prostate cancer.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although androgen ablation therapy is effective in treating primary prostate cancers, a significant number of patients develop incurable castration-resistant disease. Recent studies have suggested a potential synergy between vaccination and androgen ablation, yet the enhanced T-cell function is transient. Using a defined tumor antigen model, UV-8101-RE, we found that concomitant castration significantly increased the frequency and function of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells early after the immunization of wild-type mice. However, at a late time point after immunization, effector function was reduced to the same level as noncastrated mice and was accompanied by a concomitant amplification in CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) following immunization. We investigated whether Treg expansion occurred following castration of prostate tumor-bearing mice. In the prostate-specific Pten(-/-) mouse model of prostate cancer, we observed an accelerated Treg expansion in mice bearing the castration-resistant endogenous prostate tumor, which prevented effector responses to UV-8101-RE. Treg depletion together with castration elicited a strong CD8(+) T-cell response to UV-8101-RE in Pten(-/-) mice and rescued effector function in castrated and immunized wild-type mice. In addition, Treg expansion in Pten(-/-) mice was prevented by in vivo interleukin (IL)-2 blockade suggesting that increased IL-2 generated by castration and immunization promotes Treg expansion. Our findings therefore suggest that although effector responses are augmented by castration, the concomitant expansion of Tregs is one mechanism responsible for only transient immune potentiation after androgen ablation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.