Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2012
Pharmacogenetic association of the galanin receptor (GALR1) SNP rs2717162 with smoking cessation.
Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: effects by subgroup defined by genetically informed biomarkers.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 SNP rs2036527 with smoking cessation therapy response in African-American smokers.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2014Trial
- Influence of a dopamine pathway additive genetic efficacy score on smoking cessation: results from two randomized clinical trials of bupropion.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2013Trial
- SNP analysis of stress-related genes reveals significant correlations with drug addiction in Jordan.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Article
- Antidepressants for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- A scoping review of smoking cessation pharmacogenetic studies to advance future research across racial, ethnic, and ancestral populations.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Involvement of Scratch2 in GalR1-mediated depression-like behaviors in the rat ventral periaqueductal gray.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Neuropeptide systems and new treatments for nicotine addiction.Psychopharmacology · 2017Review
- Regulation of neurological and neuropsychiatric phenotypes by locus coeruleus-derived galanin.Brain research · 2016Review
- Zinc Is Involved in Depression by Modulating G Protein-Coupled Receptor Heterodimerization.Molecular neurobiology · 2016Article
- Gender Considerations in Addiction: Implications for Treatment.Current treatment options in psychiatry · 2015Article
- New mechanisms and perspectives in nicotine withdrawal.Neuropharmacology · 2015Review
- Evaluating the role of a galanin enhancer genotype on a range of metabolic, depressive and addictive phenotypes.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2014Article
- Drug addiction and stress-response genetic variability: association study in African Americans.Annals of human genetics · 2014Article
- Pharmacogenetics of nicotine addiction: role of dopamine.Pharmacogenomics · 2014Review
- Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Galanin modulates dopaminergic neurotransmission in the mesolimbic dopamine system, thereby influencing the rewarding effects of nicotine. Variants in the galanin receptor 1 (GALR1) gene have been associated with retrospective craving severity and heaviness of smoking in prior research. We investigated pharmacogenetic associations of the previously studied GALR1 polymorphism, rs2717162, in 1217 smokers of European ancestry who participated in one of three pharmacogenetic smoking cessation clinical trials and were treated with nicotine patch (n=623), nicotine nasal spray (n=189), bupropion (n=213), or placebo (n=192). The primary endpoint was abstinence (7-day point prevalence, biochemically confirmed) at the end of treatment. Cravings to smoke were assessed on the target quit day (TQD). The longitudinal regression model revealed a significant genotype by treatment interaction (P=0.03). There was a reduced odds of quitting success with the presence of at least one minor (C) allele in the bupropion-treated group (OR=0.43; 95% CI=0.22-0.77; P=0.005) but equivalent quit rates by genotype in the nicotine-replacement therapy groups. This genotype by treatment interaction was reproduced in a Cox regression model of time to relapse (P=0.04). In the bupropion trial, smokers carrying the C allele also reported more severe TQD cravings. Further research to identify functional variants in GALR1 and to replicate pharmacogenetic associations is warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.