Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22368493›Full record

ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2012

The evolution of the bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) as a real-time bioreporter.

Dan Close, Tingting Xu, Abby Smartt, Alexandra Rogers, Robert Crossley, Sarah Price, Steven Ripp, Gary Sayler

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Bacterial bioluminescence for the real time andAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026
    Article
  3. Nanoluciferase-Based Reporters for Clostridioides difficile.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  4. Tumor-targeting bioluminescent bacteria forEngineering microbiology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Bioluminescent Systems for Theranostic Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Bacterial bioluminescence assay for bioanalysis and bioimaging.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2022
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Imaging of bioluminescentThe Journal of international medical research · 2020
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Continuous and Real-Time In Vivo Autobioluminescent Imaging in a Mouse Model.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2020
    Article
  20. Sensitive and Specific Whole-Cell Biosensor for Arsenic Detection.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Dan CloseOak Ridge National Laboratory, The Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. dclose@utk.edu
Tingting Xu
Abby Smartt
Alexandra Rogers
Robert Crossley
Sarah Price
Steven Ripp
Gary Sayler
University of Tennessee at Knoxville · USOak Ridge National Laboratory · US

Funding

Development of Noninvasive Bioluminescence Imaging for Cancer Diagnosis and TheraR21CA127745 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE · PI SAYLER, GARY S · 2007 to 2008
$239k
NCI NIH HHS CA127745-01NCI NIH HHS R21 CA127745
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The bacterial luciferase gene cassette (lux) is unique among bioluminescent bioreporter systems due to its ability to synthesize and/or scavenge all of the substrate compounds required for its production of light. As a result, the lux system has the unique ability to autonomously produce a luminescent signal, either continuously or in response to the presence of a specific trigger, across a wide array of organismal hosts. While originally employed extensively as a bacterial bioreporter system for the detection of specific chemical signals in environmental samples, the use of lux as a bioreporter technology has continuously expanded over the last 30 years to include expression in eukaryotic cells such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and even human cell lines as well. Under these conditions, the lux system has been developed for use as a biomedical detection tool for toxicity screening and visualization of tumors in small animal models. As the technologies for lux signal detection continue to improve, it is poised to become one of the first fully implantable detection systems for intra-organismal optical detection through direct marriage to an implantable photon-detecting digital chip. This review presents the basic biochemical background that allows the lux system to continuously autobioluminesce and highlights the important milestones in the use of lux-based bioreporters as they have evolved from chemical detection platforms in prokaryotic bacteria to rodent-based tumorigenesis study targets. In addition, the future of lux imaging using integrated circuit microluminometry to image directly within a living host in real-time will be introduced and its role in the development of dose/response therapeutic systems will be highlighted.

Indexed as

Eukaryotic CellsGenes, BacterialGenes, ReporterLuciferasesLuminescent MeasurementsTime FactorsLuciferasesbacterial luciferase (lux)bioreporterbiosensorcell culturemammalian cellssmall animal models

Identifiers

PMID22368493
PMCPMC3279237
OpenAlexW2162268628

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.