ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2012
Body fat distribution and breast cancer risk: findings from the Nigerian breast cancer study.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obesity and Risk of Pre- and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in Africa: A Systematic Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship between central obesity and risk of breast cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis of 7,989,315 women.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Metabolic Syndrome Components and Cancer Risk in Normal-Weight Subjects: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in over 18 Million Individuals.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Metabolic dysfunction and obesity-related cancer: Beyond obesity and metabolic syndrome.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Review
- Association of lipid profile biomarkers with breast cancer by molecular subtype: analysis of the MEND study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Breast Cancer by Molecular Subtype: Analysis of the MEND Study.Clinical breast cancer · 2022Article
- Socio-economic status and the risk of breast cancer among Nigerian women: a case control study.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Article
- Article
- Cancer Risk in Normal Weight Individuals with Metabolic Obesity: A Narrative Review.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2021Review
- The association of body fat composition with risk of breast, endometrial, ovarian and colorectal cancers among normal weight participants in the UK Biobank.British journal of cancer · 2021Article
- Metabolic syndrome and risk of breast cancer mortality by menopause, obesity, and subtype.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2019Article
- Cancers Attributable to Overweight and Obesity From 2012 to 2014 in Nigeria: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Article
- Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Breast Cancer and Subtypes by Race, Menopause and BMI.Cancers · 2018Article
- Development of a Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Model for Women in Nigeria.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2018Article
- Metabolic dysregulation and cancer mortality in a national cohort of blacks and whites.BMC cancer · 2017Article
- Interactions between RASA2, CADM1, HIF1AN gene polymorphisms and body fatness with breast cancer: a population-based case-control study in China.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Article
- Design considerations for identifying breast cancer risk factors in a population-based study in Africa.International journal of cancer · 2017Article
- Differential Patterns of Risk Factors for Early-Onset Breast Cancer by ER Status in African American Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2017Article
- An update on the management of breast cancer in Africa.Infectious agents and cancer · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe relationship between overall obesity and breast cancer risk has been well recognized, but the role of central obesity in breast cancer development is uncertain.
methodsBetween 1998 and 2009, 1,233 invasive breast cancer cases and 1,101 community controls were recruited into the Nigerian Breast Cancer Study at Ibadan, Nigeria. Logistic regressions were used to calculate multivariate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and other known risk factors for breast cancer.
resultsThe OR for the highest quartile group of waist circumference relative to the lowest was 2.39 (95% CI, 1.59-3.60; P-trend < 0.001). Comparing women with waist/hip ratio (WHR) in the lowest quartile group, the OR for women in the highest quartile category was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.61-2.85; P-trend < 0.001). An inverse association was observed between hip circumference and breast cancer, with an OR of 0.36 for the highest quartile (95% CI, 0.24-0.55; P-trend < 0.001). The effects of these three measures existed in both pre- and postmenopausal women. Of note, we found a significant interaction between WHR and BMI (P-interaction = 0.016): the OR comparing the highest to the lowest WHR quartile was 2.81 (95% CI, 1.90-4.16) for women with BMI < 25 kg/m2 and 1.70 (95% CI, 1.11-2.61) for women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.
conclusionsThese results suggest that central adiposity, measured by waist circumference and waist/hip ratio, was an important risk factor for breast cancer in Nigerian women, and the effect of central adiposity was strong in normal-weight women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.