Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22366419›Full record

ArticleJournal of bacteriology2012

Prevalence and detailed mapping of the gonococcal genetic island in Neisseria meningitidis.

Katelynn L Woodhams, Zachary L Benet, Sarah E Blonsky, Kathleen T Hackett, Joseph P Dillard

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The role of extracellular DNA inJournal of bacteriology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Genetic characterization ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Biological Functions of the Secretome ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Mobile DNA in the pathogenicMicrobiology spectrum · 2015
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Katelynn L WoodhamsDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin—Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Zachary L Benet
Sarah E Blonsky
Kathleen T Hackett
Joseph P Dillard
University of Wisconsin–Madison · US

Funding

Type IV Secretion by Neisseria gonorrhoeaeR01AI047958 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI DILLARD, JOSEPH P · 2002 to 2019
$5.0M
Gain and loss of the gonococcal genetic island in NeisseriaR21AI072605 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI DILLARD, JOSEPH P · 2007 to 2008
$392k
NIAID NIH HHS AI047958NIAID NIH HHS AI072605NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI047958NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI072605
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The 57-kb gonococcal genetic island (GGI) encodes a type IV secretion system (T4SS) that is found in most strains of N. gonorrhoeae. This T4SS functions to secrete single-stranded DNA that is active in natural transformation. The GGI has also been found in some strains of N. meningitidis. We screened 126 isolates of N. meningitidis and found the GGI in 17.5% of strains, with the prevalence varying widely among serogroups. The GGI is found in a significant number of serogroup C, W-135, and X strains but was not found in strains of serogroup A, B, or Y. Through detailed PCR mapping and DNA sequencing, we identified five distinct GGI types in meningococci. DNA sequencing and a genetic assay revealed that the GGI was likely integrated into the meningococcal chromosome by the site-specific recombinase XerCD and that the GGI can be excised and lost from the genome. Functional studies showed that in contrast with the gonococcal T4SS, the meningococcal T4SS does not secrete DNA, nor does it confer Ton-independent intracellular survival. Deletion of T4SS genes did not affect association with or invasion of host cells. These results demonstrate that the GGI is found in a significant proportion of meningococcal strains and that while some strains carry multiple insertions and deletions in the GGI, other strains carry intact T4SS genes and may produce functional secretion systems.

Indexed as

Chromosome MappingAmino Acid SequenceBacterial ProteinsBacteriological TechniquesChromosomes, BacterialCoculture TechniquesDNA, BacterialGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMolecular Sequence DataNeisseria gonorrhoeaeNeisseria meningitidisPromoter Regions, GeneticBacterial ProteinsDNA, Bacterial

Identifiers

PMID22366419
PMCPMC3347088
OpenAlexW2118777338

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.