ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2012
Parsing heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorders: visual scanning of dynamic social scenes in school-aged children.
Article in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gaze and social functioning associations in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Gaze Differences to Social and Nonsocial Information Between Individuals With and Without Autism.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2017Pooled it
- Development of an Objective Autism Risk Index Using Remote Eye Tracking.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2016Trial
- Stage-Specific Animate Attention Bias in Individuals with High and Low Autistic Traits: Behavioral and Eye-Tracking Evidence.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Audio-Visual Speech Synchrony Impacts Gaze Patterns in Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Alterations of the Fusiform Face Area in Autism Spectrum Disorder.NeuroSci · 2025Article
- Gaze behavior when looking at paintings may predict autistic traits.PsyCh journal · 2025Article
- Study protocol for the EYEdentify project: An examination of gaze behaviour in autistic adults using a virtual reality-based paradigm.PloS one · 2025Article
- The impact of attention to social information on the development of socialization in childhood.Scandinavian journal of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychology · 2025Article
- Investigating social orienting in children with Phelan-McDermid syndrome and 'idiopathic' autism.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Article
- Quantifying attention in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities through multicenter electrooculogram signal analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Impact of Cues on Joint Attention in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Eye-Tracking Study in Virtual Games.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Identifying interindividual variability of social perception and associated brain anatomical correlations in children with autism spectrum disorder using eye-tracking and diffusion tensor imaging MRI (DTI-MRI).Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder exhibit intact physical causal inference but weak intention inference.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Development and validation of an Arabic language eye-tracking paradigm for the early screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in Qatar.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2023Article
- Evidence of a reduced role for circumscribed interests in the social attention patterns of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Article
- A Review of and Roadmap for Data Science and Machine Learning for the Neuropsychiatric Phenotype of Autism.Annual review of biomedical data science · 2023Review
- Perception of audio-visual synchrony in infants at elevated likelihood of developing autism spectrum disorder.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Active Viewing Facilitates Gaze to the Eye Region in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Article
- Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline.Behavior research methods · 2023Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine patterns of variability in social visual engagement and their relationship to standardized measures of social disability in a heterogeneous sample of school-aged children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
methodEye-tracking measures of visual fixation during free-viewing of dynamic social scenes were obtained for 109 children with ASD (mean age, 10.2 ± 3.2 years), 37 of whom were matched with 26 typically-developing (TD) children (mean age, 9.5 ± 2.2 years) on gender, age, and IQ. The smaller subset allowed between-group comparisons, whereas the larger group was used for within-group examinations of ASD heterogeneity.
resultsBetween-group comparisons revealed significantly attenuated orientation to socially salient aspects of the scenes, with the largest effect size (Cohen's d = 1.5) obtained for reduced fixation on faces. Within-group analyses revealed a robust association between higher fixation on the inanimate environment and greater social disability. However, the associations between fixation on the eyes and mouth and social adaptation varied greatly, even reversing, when comparing different cognitive profile subgroups.
conclusionsAlthough patterns of social visual engagement with naturalistic social stimuli are profoundly altered in children with ASD, the social adaptivity of these behaviors varies for different groups of children. This variation likely represents different patterns of adaptation and maladaptation that should be traced longitudinally to the first years of life, before complex interactions between early predispositions and compensatory learning take place. We propose that variability in these early mechanisms of socialization may serve as proximal behavioral manifestations of genetic vulnerabilities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.