Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22363768›Full record

ArticlePloS one2012

Protective and therapeutic efficacy of Mycobacterium smegmatis expressing HBHA-hIL12 fusion protein against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice.

Shanmin Zhao, Yong Zhao, Fengfeng Mao, Caiqin Zhang, Bing Bai, Hai Zhang, Changhong Shi, Zhikai Xu

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Intratumoral Injection of EngineeredBiomaterials research · 2025
    Article
  2. Discovery ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  3. Vaccines · 2023
    Review
  4. ImmunodominantFrontiers in immunology · 2020
    Article
  5. Immunogenicity of heparin-binding hemagglutinin expressed byIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2018
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Heparin-binding Hemagglutinin ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Shanmin ZhaoDivision of Infection and Immunology, Laboratory Animals Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Yong Zhao
Fengfeng Mao
Caiqin Zhang
Bing Bai
Hai Zhang
Changhong Shi
Zhikai Xu
Air Force Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major worldwide health problem. The only vaccine against TB, Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), has demonstrated relatively low efficacy and does not provide satisfactory protection against the disease. More efficient vaccines and improved therapies are urgently needed to decrease the worldwide spread and burden of TB, and use of a viable, metabolizing mycobacteria vaccine may be a promising strategy against the disease. Here, we constructed a recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis (rMS) strain expressing a fusion protein of heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA) and human interleukin 12 (hIL-12). Immune responses induced by the rMS in mice and protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) were investigated. Administration of this novel rMS enhanced Th1-type cellular responses (IFN-γ and IL-2) in mice and reduced bacterial burden in lungs as well as that achieved by BCG vaccination. Meanwhile, the bacteria load in M. tuberculosis infected mice treated with the rMS vaccine also was significantly reduced. In conclusion, the rMS strain expressing the HBHA and human IL-12 fusion protein enhanced immunogencity by improving the Th1-type response against TB, and the protective effect was equivalent to that of the conventional BCG vaccine in mice. Furthermore, it could decrease bacterial load and alleviate histopathological damage in lungs of M. tuberculosis infected mice.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsBlotting, WesternCloning, MolecularEnzyme-Linked Immunospot AssayFluorescent Antibody TechniqueHumansImmunizationInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12LungMembrane ProteinsMiceMycobacterium smegmatisMycobacterium tuberculosisAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsHbhA protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosisInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12Membrane ProteinsProtective AgentsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsTuberculosis Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID22363768
PMCPMC3283714
OpenAlexW2094623294

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.