ArticleMarine drugs2012
Tetrodotoxin concentrations in Pleurobranchaea maculata: temporal, spatial and individual variability from New Zealand populations.
Article in Marine drugs, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Review on Climate Change Redefining Tetrodotoxin Accumulation and Ecological Dynamics in Pufferfishes.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- Toxicity Assessment of 6-Deoxytetrodotoxin by Mouse Bioassay and Its Distribution in Pufferfish.Marine drugs · 2026Article
- Review
- An Updated Review of Tetrodotoxin and Its Peculiarities.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- The Common SunstarMarine drugs · 2021Article
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Antagonist Polyamides from Tunicates and Their Predatory Sea Slugs.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2021Article
- Survey of Tetrodotoxin in New Zealand Bivalve Molluscan Shellfish over a 16-Month Period.Toxins · 2020Article
- Spatial variability and depuration of tetrodotoxin in the bivalveToxicon: X · 2019Article
- Including planocerid flatworms in the diet effectively toxifies the pufferfish, Takifugu niphobles.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Genetic structure of the grey side-gilled sea slug (Pleurobranchaea maculata) in coastal waters of New Zealand.PloS one · 2018Article
- An amphibian chemical defense phenotype is inducible across life history stages.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Seasonal Changes in the Tetrodotoxin Content of the Flatworm Planocera multitentaculata.Marine drugs · 2017Article
- Potential Threats Posed by Tetrodotoxins in UK Waters: Examination of Detection Methodology Used in Their Control.Marine drugs · 2015Review
- Tetrodotoxin, an Extremely Potent Marine Neurotoxin: Distribution, Toxicity, Origin and Therapeutical Uses.Marine drugs · 2015Review
- Intracellular immunohistochemical detection of tetrodotoxin in Pleurobranchaea maculata (Gastropoda) and Stylochoplana sp. (Turbellaria).Marine drugs · 2015Article
- Article
- Article
- Diversity and biosynthetic potential of culturable microbes associated with toxic marine animals.Marine drugs · 2013Article
- Depuration of tetrodotoxin and changes in bacterial communities in Pleurobranchea maculata adults and egg masses maintained in captivity.Journal of chemical ecology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin that has been identified in a range of phylogenetically unrelated marine and terrestrial organisms. Tetrodotoxin was recently detected in New Zealand in Pleurobranchaea maculata (the grey side-gilled sea slug). From June 2010 to June 2011 wild specimens were collected from 10 locations around New Zealand. At one site (Narrow Neck Beach, Auckland) up to 10 individuals were collected monthly for 6 months. Attempts were also made to rear P. maculata in captivity. Tetrodotoxin was detected in samples from eight of the ten sites. The highest average (368.7 mg kg⁻¹) and maximum (1414.0 mg kg⁻¹) concentrations were measured in samples from Illiomama Rock (Auckland). Of the toxic populations tested there was significant variability in TTX concentrations among individuals, with the highest difference (62 fold) measured at Illiomama Rock. Tetrodotoxin concentrations in samples from Narrow Neck Beach varied temporally, ranging from an average of 184 mg kg⁻¹ in June 2010 to 17.5 mg kg⁻¹ by December 2010. There was no correlation between TTX levels and mass. The highest levels correspond with the egg laying season (June-August) and this, in concert with the detection of high levels of TTX in eggs and early larval stages, suggests that TTX may have a defensive function in P. maculata. Only one larva was successfully reared to full maturation and no TTX was detected.
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