ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2012
Enhanced antibacterial effect of ceftriaxone sodium-loaded chitosan nanoparticles against intracellular Salmonella typhimurium.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis of Drug Delivery Approaches for Treating Intracellular Infections.Pharmaceutical research · 2022Pooled it
- Optimized Chitosan Nanoparticles for Enhanced Ciprofloxacin Delivery and Activity Against Resistant Bacteria.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Identification of the cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist, ibipinabant, as a potent inhibitor ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Chitosan mitigates pan drug resistance in citrobacter freundii exhibiting AmpC and ESBL from Egyptian livestock.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anti-Rickettsial Activity of Chitosan, Selenium, and Silver Nanoparticles: Efficacy in Vero Cells.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A novel peptide mimetic, brilacidin, for combating multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae.PloS one · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Potential of Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Delivery Vehicle for Gentamicin for the Treatment of Osteomyelitis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Emphasis on Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in the Ocular Delivery of Antibiotics.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2024Review
- Strategies for the Preparation of Chitosan Derivatives for Antimicrobial, Drug Delivery, and Agricultural Applications: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Nanoparticle formulations for therapeutic delivery, pathogen imaging and theranostic applications in bacterial infections.Theranostics · 2023Review
- Chitosan loaded RNA polymerase inhibitor nanoparticles increased attenuation in toxin release fromSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- Development and Optimization of Ciprofloxacin HCl-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Using Box-Behnken Experimental Design.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Misdiagnosis of COVID-19 infection before molecular confirmation in Sulaimaniyah City, Iraq.European journal of medical research · 2022Article
- Different Nanotechnology Approaches for Ciprofloxacin Delivery Against Multidrug-Resistant Microbes.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Review
- Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in the Treatment of Enteric Infections.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The contribution of nano-based strategies in overcoming ceftriaxone resistance: a literature review.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2021Review
- Design and Optimization of New Enteric Nanoparticles of Ceftriaxone for Oral Delivery: In vitro and in vivo Assessments.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
- The Pharmacodynamics Study of Insect Defensin DLP4 Against ToxigenicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Third-Generation Cephalosporin-Loaded Chitosan Used to Limit Microorganisms Resistance.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Polymeric Nanoparticle Associated with Ceftriaxone and Extract of Schinopsis Brasiliensis Engler againstPharmaceutics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to utilize chitosan (CS) nanoparticles for the intracellular delivery of the poorly cell-penetrating antibiotic, ceftriaxone sodium (CTX). In vitro characterization of (CTX-CS) nanoparticles was conducted leading to an optimized formula that was assessed for its biocompatibility to blood (hemolysis test) and cells (MTT assay). Progressively, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), cellular uptake (microfluorimetry), and antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles were investigated in two cell lines: Caco-2 and macrophages J774.2 pre-infected with Salmonella typhimurium. Results showed that the optimized formula had size 210 nm, positive zeta potential (+30 mV) and appreciable entrapment efficiency for CTX (45%) and included a biphasic release pattern. The nanoparticles were biocompatible and were internalized by cells as verified by CLSM whereas microfluorimetry indicated substantial cellular uptake. Moreover, the CTX-chitosan nanoparticles showed a significant reduction in the count of intracellular S. typhimurium in Caco-2 and macrophages J774.2. This reduction was significantly higher than that obtained in case of placebo nanoparticles, CTX, and CTX-chitosan solutions and might be attributed to enhanced endocytic uptake of the nanoaprticles and antibacterial effect of the chitosan polymer. In conclusion, the results provide evidence for the potential use of chitosan nanoparticles to enhance the intracellular delivery and antibacterial effect of CTX in enterocytes and macrophages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.