Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22357728›Full record

ArticleSystematic biology2012

NeXML: rich, extensible, and verifiable representation of comparative data and metadata.

Rutger A Vos, James P Balhoff, Jason A Caravas, Mark T Holder, Hilmar Lapp, Wayne P Maddison, Peter E Midford, Anurag Priyam, Jeet Sukumaran, Xuhua Xia and 1 more

Abstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Systematic biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Understanding the Nature of Metadata: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022
    Pooled it
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  3. A complete and dynamic tree of birds.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  7. Article
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  10. A vectorial tree distance measure.Scientific reports · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Revisiting Shao and Sokal'sJournal of mathematical biology · 2021
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Rutger A VosNCB Naturalis, Leiden, The Netherlands. rutger.vos@ncbnaturalis.nl
James P Balhoff
Jason A Caravas
Mark T Holder
Hilmar Lapp
Wayne P Maddison
Peter E Midford
Anurag Priyam
Jeet Sukumaran
Xuhua Xia
Arlin Stoltzfus

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In scientific research, integration and synthesis require a common understanding of where data come from, how much they can be trusted, and what they may be used for. To make such an understanding computer-accessible requires standards for exchanging richly annotated data. The challenges of conveying reusable data are particularly acute in regard to evolutionary comparative analysis, which comprises an ever-expanding list of data types, methods, research aims, and subdisciplines. To facilitate interoperability in evolutionary comparative analysis, we present NeXML, an XML standard (inspired by the current standard, NEXUS) that supports exchange of richly annotated comparative data. NeXML defines syntax for operational taxonomic units, character-state matrices, and phylogenetic trees and networks. Documents can be validated unambiguously. Importantly, any data element can be annotated, to an arbitrary degree of richness, using a system that is both flexible and rigorous. We describe how the use of NeXML by the TreeBASE and Phenoscape projects satisfies user needs that cannot be satisfied with other available file formats. By relying on XML Schema Definition, the design of NeXML facilitates the development and deployment of software for processing, transforming, and querying documents. The adoption of NeXML for practical use is facilitated by the availability of (1) an online manual with code samples and a reference to all defined elements and attributes, (2) programming toolkits in most of the languages used commonly in evolutionary informatics, and (3) input-output support in several widely used software applications. An active, open, community-based development process enables future revision and expansion of NeXML.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionProgramming LanguagesBiodiversityClassificationComputational BiologyInformaticsModels, BiologicalPhylogenySoftware

Identifiers

PMID22357728
PMCPMC3376374

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.