ArticleDiabetes care2012
Increased toll-like receptor activity in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Article in Diabetes care, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Circulating sRAGE in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Associations With Sheddase Regulation.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Trial
- B cells promote inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes through regulation of T-cell function and an inflammatory cytokine profile.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Trial
- Effects of n-3 fatty acid treatment on monocyte phenotypes in humans with hypertriglyceridemia.Journal of clinical lipidologyTrial
- Diagnostic Utility of Serum Activating Transcription Factor 4 and Toll-like Receptor 4 as Early Biomarkers of Inflammation in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Decoding the power of the microbiome in human health.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Microglia/macrophage-specific deletion of TLR-4 protects against neural effects of diet-induced obesity in a sexually dimorphic manner.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Synergistic effects of NF-κB1 and inflammatory pathway polymorphisms on hypertension and dyslipidemia susceptibility in type 2 diabetes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Bridging the gap: Integrating exercise mimicry into chronic disease management through suppressing chronic inflammation.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- An Increasing Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Associated with a Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Oxidant Phenotype.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Increased Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Patients with Nascent Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Association between the expression of TLR4, TLR2, and MyD88 with low-grade chronic inflammation in individuals with metabolically healthy obesity.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Impact of Comorbidity of Bronchial Asthma and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Expression and Functional Activity of TLR2 and TLR4 Receptors.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Correlates of Insulin Resistance in Nascent Metabolic Syndrome.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2023Article
- Association of the Toll-like receptor 4 and NOX4 gene and protein levels in asthmatic patients with metabolic syndrome: A case-control study.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2023Article
- Treatment with Soluble Activin Type IIB Receptor Ameliorates Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss and Fat Gain in Mice.Calcified tissue international · 2022Article
- Metabolic Syndrome: Updates on Pathophysiology and Management in 2021.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- High triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol ratio as a biochemical marker of severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2021Observational
- Comparison of the triglyceride-waist circumference and the C-reactive protein-waist circumference indices in nascent metabolic syndrome.International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology · 2021Article
- Dysregulated Inflammation During Obesity: Driving Disease Severity in Influenza Virus and SARS-CoV-2 Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent and confers an increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). While MetS is a proinflammatory state, there is a paucity of data on cellular inflammation in MetS. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are classical pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune response. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThe aim of this study was to examine monocyte TLR2 and TLR4 in MetS patients without diabetes or CVD and control subjects since both of the receptors have been implicated in atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Fasting blood was obtained for TLR expression and activity.
resultsCirculating levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1) were significantly increased in MetS versus control subjects following adjustment for waist circumference. There was a significant increase in both TLR2 and TLR4 surface expression and mRNA on monocytes after adjustment for waist circumference. In addition to increased nuclear factor-κB nuclear binding, there was significantly increased release of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in MetS versus control subjects following priming of the monocytes with lipopolysaccharides. While both plasma free fatty acids and endotoxin were increased in MetS, they correlated significantly with TLR4 only.
conclusionsIn conclusion, we make the novel observation that both TLR2 and TLR4 expression and activity are increased in the monocytes of patients with MetS and could contribute to increased risk for diabetes and CVD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.