ArticleAIDS research and human retroviruses2012
Genital tract viral load in HIV Type 1-positive women correlates with specific cytokine levels in cervical-vaginal secretions but is not a determinant of infectious virus or anti-HIV activity.
Article in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Simultaneous plasma and genital pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atazanavir and efavirenz in HIV-infected women starting therapy.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Trial
- Dual CCR5/CCR2 targeting: opportunities for the cure of complex disorders.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2019Review
- Dysregulation in Genital Tract Soluble Immune Mediators in Postmenopausal Women Is Distinct by HIV Status.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Observational
- The Pre-clinical Toolbox of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics:Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Review
- Biomarkers of Cervical Inflammation and Immunity Associated with Cervical Shedding of HIV-1.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2016Article
- Accurate measurement of female genital tract fluid dilution in cervicovaginal lavage samples.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2016Article
- Infection with equine infectious anemia virus vaccine strain EIAVDLV121 causes no visible histopathological lesions in target organs in association with restricted viral replication and unique cytokine response.Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2016Article
- Article
- HIV-1 shedding from the female genital tract is associated with increased Th1 cytokines/chemokines that maintain tissue homeostasis and proportions of CD8+FOXP3+ T cells.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Article
- Presence of CD8+ T cells in the ectocervical mucosa correlates with genital viral shedding in HIV-infected women despite a low prevalence of HIV RNA-expressing cells in the tissue.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Quotidian changes of genital tract cytokines in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected women during the menstrual cycle.Open forum infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Mucosal immunity in the female genital tract, HIV/AIDS.BioMed research international · 2014Review
- Plasma and mucosal HIV viral loads are associated with genital tract inflammation in HIV-infected women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Article
- Genital Inflammation Predicts HIV-1 Shedding Independent of Plasma Viral Load and Systemic Inflammation.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As the AIDS epidemic continues with women being disproportionately affected, it is crucial to understand factors that predict the risk of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission. We investigated whether genital tract viral load (GTVL) in cervical-vaginal lavages (CVL) from HIV-1-positive women with moderately low CD4 T cell counts correlates with cytokine levels, antimicrobial concentrations, and intrinsic anti-HIV activity. CVL were collected from 19 HIV-1-positive women with moderately low CD4 T cell counts [mean 381 cells/mm(3) (227-536 cells/mm(3))]. None of the women was on antiretroviral therapy. The women were categorized into those with detectable GTVL or those with undetectable GTVL (detectable GTVL RNA levels > 400 copies/ml). Women were also categorized according to bacterial vaginosis (BV) status irrespective of GTVL. The TZM-bl assay was used to determine the presence of infectious virus and anti-HIV activity. Significantly higher levels of RANTES, Eotaxin, Fractalkine, IL-1α, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP1β, MIP1α, TNF-α, and GM-CSF were observed in women with detectable GTVL compared to women with undetectable GTVL. No significant differences were observed in the following cytokines and chemokines: G-CSF, IL-1RA, IL-8, and IP-10. GTVL did not correlate either with antimicrobials known to have anti-HIV activity or with the presence of infectious virus. BV status did not have a significant effect on anti-HIV activity. These findings further our understanding of the role of GTVL in determining the cytokine and chemokine milieu in the female reproductive tract.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.