ReviewClinical drug investigation2012
Adverse effects associated with non-opioid and opioid treatment in patients with chronic pain.
Review in Clinical drug investigation, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current advances in the epidemiology, risk factors, prevention, management, and long-term outcomes of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Preferred Communication Strategies Used by Physical Therapists in Chronic Pain Rehabilitation: A Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis.Physical therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Evaluation Tools in Adults with Solid Malignancies Outside the Head and Neck and Upper GI Tract: A Systematic Review.Dysphagia · 2018Pooled it
- Analysis of Nausea in Clinical Studies of Lubiprostone for the Treatment of Constipation Disorders.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of Mobile Device-Assisted N-of-1 Trial Participation on Analgesic Prescribing for Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of general internal medicine · 2020Trial
- Opioid switching and variability in response in pain cancer patients.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2019Trial
- MR-107A-02 in Acute Postoperative Pain Management Following Bunionectomy: Results from a Multicenter, Placebo- and Active-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial.Pain and therapy · 2026Article
- Structural and functional basis of antinociceptive action of χ-conotoxin AoIA at the noradrenaline transporter.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- Decoding Pain: Next-Generation In Vitro Systems for Mechanistic Insights and Drug Discovery.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Decoding the mechanism of proanthocyanidins in central analgesia: redox regulation and KCNK3 blockade.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Suzetrigine Approval Breaks a 25-Year Silence: A New Era in Non-Opioid Acute Pain Management.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- TRPV1-target drugs for the treatment of orofacial pain.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Drugs used for pain management in gastrointestinal surgery and their implications.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2024Review
- Systemic administration of Resolvin D1 reduces cancer-induced bone pain in mice: Lack of sex dependency in pain development and analgesia.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Comparing patient education tools for chronic pain medications: Artificial intelligence chatbot versus traditional patient information leaflets.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2024Article
- Lipid raft disruption inhibits the activation of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1, but not TRP Melastatin 3 and the voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in sensory neurons.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Phenylpropanoid-enriched broccoli seedling extract can reduce inflammatory markers and pain behavior.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Pain Management in Osteoporosis.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2023Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that is associated with many common diseases; this places a major burden on the healthcare system. There are currently numerous analgesic agents available for the treatment of chronic pain. In general, the oral non-opioid analgesic, paracetamol, is recommended for the initial treatment of mild to moderate pain. Therapeutic doses of paracetamol do not appear to result in hepatotoxicity, although overdose may lead to acute liver failure. Current data suggest that paracetamol has acceptable gastrointestinal tolerability. Another class of non-opioid analgesic with confirmed efficacy for the treatment of chronic mild to moderate pain are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), although this efficacy is offset by the potential of adverse gastrointestinal events. In particular, non-selective NSAIDs, also known as cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, carry an increased risk of serious upper gastrointestinal complications, including ulcers, perforation and bleeding. The introduction of COX-2 inhibitors provided a NSAID-based option with improved gastrointestinal safety, but increased risk of cardiovascular effects. Opioids are powerful analgesic agents used to treat moderate to severe chronic pain. However, treatment with opioids is associated with a number of common adverse effects, including constipation, nausea or vomiting, pruritus, somnolence or cognitive impairment, dry mouth, tolerance or dependence and urinary retention. Although there are multiple strategies in place to manage adverse events that arise from both non-opioid and opioid analgesic therapy, a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of specific drug-related adverse effects is required along with proper prescribing practices and adequate physician/patient education. Balanced against the adverse effects of pain management medications, there is a need to be mindful of the widespread, often serious, adverse consequences of poorly managed pain itself.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.