ReviewHealth services research2012
Measuring racial/ethnic disparities in health care: methods and practical issues.
Review in Health services research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations of Individual- and Neighborhood-Level Factors with Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Timely Dementia Diagnosis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Observational
- The trans care paradox: Mental health disparities among transgender and nonbinary patients in a trans-protective environment.The American psychologist · 2026Article
- Postpartum Health Disparities During the Birth Hospitalization in the United States: A Scoping Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Patient Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Acute Myocardial Infarction Mortality: Between-Hospital Versus Within-Hospital Disparities.Medical care · 2026Article
- Applying the Target Study Conceptual Model to Measure Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Hypertension Treatment Intensification.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Determinants of Cochlear Implant Evaluation Completion and Uptake in Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Causal Inference in Health Disparities Research.Annual review of public health · 2026Review
- Income-Based Inequalities in Health System Performance in the US and South Korea.JAMA health forum · 2026Article
- Challenges in estimating effects of hypothetical interventions on resources patterned by structural racism: an example in a rural North Carolina Medicaid population.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the impact of discordant and missing demographic information on population health assessments using linked electronic health records and Census Bureau microdata.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Disability Diagnoses Identified by the American Community Survey 6-Question Sequence.JAMA health forum · 2026Article
- Payments to Physician Practices and Incentives to Serve Different Racial and Ethnic Groups.JAMA health forum · 2025Observational
- Racial Differences in Length of Stay After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE · 2025Article
- Health Care Affordability Problems by Income Level and Subsidy Eligibility in Medicare.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Developing and Applying the BE-FAIR Equity Framework to a Population Health Predictive Model: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Observational
- Income-related disparities in the value of health care in South Korea.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic inequities in overall survival among younger and older women with cervical cancer.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Quantification of racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol-related problems in light of different methodological approaches.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Assessing racial disparities in healthcare expenditure using generalized propensity score weighting.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- Mediators of racial and ethnic inequities in clinical trial participation among patients with cancer, 2011-2023.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo review methods of measuring racial/ethnic health care disparities. STUDY
designIdentification and tracking of racial/ethnic disparities in health care will be advanced by application of a consistent definition and reliable empirical methods. We have proposed a definition of racial/ethnic health care disparities based in the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Unequal Treatment report, which defines disparities as all differences except those due to clinical need and preferences. After briefly summarizing the strengths and critiques of this definition, we review methods that have been used to implement it. We discuss practical issues that arise during implementation and expand these methods to identify sources of disparities. We also situate the focus on methods to measure racial/ethnic health care disparities (an endeavor predominant in the United States) within a larger international literature in health outcomes and health care inequality. EMPIRICAL APPLICATION: We compare different methods of implementing the IOM definition on measurement of disparities in any use of mental health care and mental health care expenditures using the 2004-2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.
conclusionDisparities analysts should be aware of multiple methods available to measure disparities and their differing assumptions. We prefer a method concordant with the IOM definition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.