ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2012
Constitutive expression of inter-α-inhibitor (IαI) family proteins and tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) by human amniotic membrane epithelial and stromal cells supporting formation of the heavy chain-hyaluronan (HC-HA) complex.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Constitutive expression of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) protein by human amniotic membrane cells leads to formation of the heavy chain (HC)-hyaluronan (HA)-PTX3 complex.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Trial
- Human birth tissue products for pathological pain: mechanisms, evidence, and translational outlook.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- HC-HA/PTX3 from amniotic membrane reprograms human corneal fibroblasts to neural crest progenitors by switching from canonical to noncanonical TGFβ signaling.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Conditional Tnfaip6-Knockout in Inner Ear Hair Cells Does not Alter Auditory Function.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Article
- The roles of hyaluronan in kidney development, physiology and disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Brain Ischemic Tolerance Triggered by Preconditioning Involves Modulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Gene 6 (TSG-6) in Mice Subjected to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Endogenous TSG-6 modulates corneal inflammation following chemical injury.The ocular surface · 2024Article
- Characterization of the Limbal Epithelial Stem Cell Niche.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- TSG6 hyaluronan matrix remodeling dampens the inflammatory response during colitis.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2023Article
- Characterization of the Involvement of Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α-Stimulated Gene 6 (TSG-6) in Ischemic Brain Injury Caused by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mouse.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α-Stimulated Gene 6 (TSG-6): A Promising Immunomodulatory Target in Acute Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Abnormal expression of TSG-6 disturbs extracellular matrix homeostasis in chondrocytes from endemic osteoarthritis.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Allografts for Skin Closure during In Utero Spina Bifida Repair in a Sheep Model.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Reduced hyaluronan cross-linking induces breast cancer malignancy in a CAF-dependent manner.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- HC-HA/PTX3 from amniotic membrane reverts senescent limbal niche cells to Pax6+ neural crest progenitors to support limbal epithelial progenitors.Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2021Article
- The Inter-α-Trypsin Inhibitor Family: Versatile Molecules in Biology and Pathology.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2020Review
- Niche regulation of limbal epithelial stem cells: HC-HA/PTX3 as surrogate matrix niche.Experimental eye research · 2020Review
- Inter-α-inhibitor heavy chain-1 has an integrin-like 3D structure mediating immune regulatory activities and matrix stabilization during ovulation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Defective lung function following influenza virus is due to prolonged, reversible hyaluronan synthesis.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Recently, we reported HC-HA, a covalent complex formed between heavy chains (HCs) of inter-α-inhibitor (IαI) and hyaluronan (HA) by the catalytic action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), is responsible for human amniotic membrane (AM) anti-inflammatory, anti-scarring, and anti-angiogenic actions. At the present time, the only well characterized source of IαI is serum being produced by the liver. This study showed that AM epithelial and stromal cells and stromal matrix all stained positively for HA, HC 1, 2, and 3, bikunin, and TSG-6. TSG-6 mRNA and protein were constitutively expressed by cultured AM epithelial and stromal cells without being up-regulated by TNF. In serum-free conditions, these cells expressed IαI, leading to the formation of HC-HA complex that contained both HC1 and HC2. In contrast, only HC1 was found in the HC-HA complex purified from AM. Local production of IαI, the HC-TSG-6 intermediate complex, and HC-HA were abolished when cells were treated with siRNA to HC1, HC2, bikunin (all of which impair the biosynthesis of IαI), or TSG-6 but not to HC3. Collectively, these results indicate that AM is another tissue in addition to the liver to constitutively produce IαI and that the HC-HA complex made by this tissue is different from that found at inflammatory sites (e.g. in asthma and arthritis) and in the matrix of the cumulus oocyte complex.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.