SynthesisBMJ clinical evidence2012
Bacterial conjunctivitis.
Synthesis in BMJ clinical evidence, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bacterial profile of ocular infections: a systematic review.BMC ophthalmology · 2017Pooled it
- Current Recommendations, Antibiotic Resistance, and Emerging Treatments for Gram-Positive Ocular Infections in the United States.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Levofloxacin/ketorolac combination versus levofloxacin alone for topically treating moderate-severe acute bacterial conjunctivitis: a randomized controlled trial.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Exploring the Role of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Surfactant in Enhancing the Fluorescence Properties of Besifloxacin Fluoroquinolone; Application to Eye Formulations and Artificial Aqueous Humor.Journal of fluorescence · 2025Article
- A Closed-Loop Audit: The Assessment of Red Flags and Management of Acute Conjunctivitis in Primary Care.Cureus · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Bacterial Conjunctivitis in the Adult and Pediatric Inpatient vs. Outpatient Population.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Teleost Eye Is the Portal of IHNV Entry and Contributes to a Robust Mucosal Immune Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The microbiological landscape and epidemiology of ocular infections in a multi-tier ophthalmology network in India: an electronic medical record driven analytics report.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Conjunctivitis: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Specialist Eye Hospital in Ghana, 2021.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Nanoparticles Loaded Thermoresponsive In Situ Gel for Ocular Antibiotic Delivery against Bacterial Keratitis.Polymers · 2022Article
- Conjunctivitis as the important indicator of pediatric granulomatosis with polyangiitis.SAGE open medical case reports · 2022Article
- Sialic Acids as Receptors for Pathogens.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Bilateral Moraxella Keratitis in a Healthy Person after an Episode of Conjunctivitis: A Case Report.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2021Article
- Anti-Virulence Therapeutic Approaches forAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Current Status of Pediatric Formulations for Chronic and Acute Children' Diseases: Applications and Future Perspectives.Medeniyet medical journal · 2021Review
- Bacteriological profiles and drug susceptibility of Streptococcus isolated from conjunctival sac of healthy children.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
- Article
- Reliability of the Evidence Addressing Treatment of Corneal Diseases: A Summary of Systematic Reviews.JAMA ophthalmology · 2019Article
- Conjunctivitis as a manifestation of Wegener's Granulomatosis.Journal of current ophthalmology · 2018Article
- The Growing Threat of Gonococcal Blindness.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionMost cases of conjunctivitis in adults are probably due to viral infection, but children are more likely to develop bacterial conjunctivitis than they are viral forms. The main bacterial pathogens are Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults and children, and Moraxella catarrhalis in children. Contact lens wearers may be more likely to develop gram-negative infections. Bacterial keratitis occurs in up to 30 per 100,000 contact lens wearers. METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of empirical treatment in adults and children with suspected bacterial conjunctivitis? What are the effects of treatment in adults and children with bacteriologically confirmed bacterial conjunctivitis? What are the effects of treatment in adults and children with clinically confirmed gonococcal conjunctivitis? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to July 2011 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
resultsWe found 44 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
conclusionsIn this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: ocular decongestants, oral antibiotics, parenteral antibiotics, saline, topical antibiotics, and warm compresses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
22348418PMC3635545What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.