ArticlePloS one2012
Reference genes for accurate transcript normalization in citrus genotypes under different experimental conditions.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers.
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Who cites it
176 citing papers in PubMed, 376 citations in OpenAlex.
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- RNAi-Mediated Attenuation of CsCalS7-Related Transcripts Mitigates Callose Accumulation and Huanglongbing Symptoms.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- From reads to results: comparing Oxford Nanopore to Illumina sequencing for citrus virus surveillance.BMC genomics · 2026Article
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- Not just a cycle: mitochondrial CsgabD is involved in GABA metabolism during citrus defense against biotic stress.Plant molecular biology · 2026Article
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- Optimizing reference gene selection for accurate gene expression analysis in plants.Plant signaling & behavior · 2025Review
- Identification and Validation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the influence of RNA extraction methods on the detection of citrus viruses and viroids.Virology journal · 2025Article
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- Selection of reference genes for normalization of mitochondrial gene expression by qRT-PCR in different potato tissues and during anther development.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
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- In silico characterization, structural modeling, and molecular docking of GabP in citrus and its potential role in GABA uptake.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Selection and Validation of Reference Genes inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Ornithine enantiomers modulate essential oil yield and constituents and gene expression of monoterpenes synthase in Salvia officinalis under well-watered and drought stress conditions.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Silencing of a glycosyltransferase-like protein in citrus reduces male and female fertility impacting seed development in self-pollinated fruit.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) has emerged as an accurate and widely used technique for expression profiling of selected genes. However, obtaining reliable measurements depends on the selection of appropriate reference genes for gene expression normalization. The aim of this work was to assess the expression stability of 15 candidate genes to determine which set of reference genes is best suited for transcript normalization in citrus in different tissues and organs and leaves challenged with five pathogens (Alternaria alternata, Phytophthora parasitica, Xylella fastidiosa and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus). We tested traditional genes used for transcript normalization in citrus and orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana genes described as superior reference genes based on transcriptome data. geNorm and NormFinder algorithms were used to find the best reference genes to normalize all samples and conditions tested. Additionally, each biotic stress was individually analyzed by geNorm. In general, FBOX (encoding a member of the F-box family) and GAPC2 (GAPDH) was the most stable candidate gene set assessed under the different conditions and subsets tested, while CYP (cyclophilin), TUB (tubulin) and CtP (cathepsin) were the least stably expressed genes found. Validation of the best suitable reference genes for normalizing the expression level of the WRKY70 transcription factor in leaves infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus showed that arbitrary use of reference genes without previous testing could lead to misinterpretation of data. Our results revealed FBOX, SAND (a SAND family protein), GAPC2 and UPL7 (ubiquitin protein ligase 7) to be superior reference genes, and we recommend their use in studies of gene expression in citrus species and relatives. This work constitutes the first systematic analysis for the selection of superior reference genes for transcript normalization in different citrus organs and under biotic stress.
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