Trial reportDiabetes2012
Postprandial administration of intranasal insulin intensifies satiety and reduces intake of palatable snacks in women.
Trial report in Diabetes, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Appetite Perception and Cerebral Blood Flow in Aging Adults Following a Single Bout of Exercise.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Daily intranasal insulin at 40IU does not affect food intake and body composition: A placebo-controlled trial in older adults over a 24-week period with 24-weeks of follow-up.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Trial
- Sex differences in central insulin action: Effect of intranasal insulin on neural food cue reactivity in adults with normal weight and overweight.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Trial
- The effect of intranasal insulin on appetite and mood in women with and without obesity: an experimental medicine study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Trial
- How oro-sensory exposure and eating rate affect satiation and associated endocrine responses-a randomized trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Trial
- Effects of intranasal insulin as an enhancer of fear extinction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Intranasal insulin enhances brain functional connectivity mediating the relationship between adiposity and subjective feeling of hunger.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Intranasal insulin increases regional cerebral blood flow in the insular cortex in men independently of cortisol manipulation.Human brain mapping · 2014Trial
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- Regional brain response to visual food cues is a marker of satiety that predicts food choice.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- The insulin resistance mosaic: defect, defence or both? A perspective on what insulin resistance means and whether it should be treated.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Does the Carbohydrate-Insulin Model Explain Obesity? Evidence from Mechanistic and Clinical Studies: A Critical Review.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Oxytocin levels do not change around a meal and correlate with reward-driven caloric consumption in adults with obesity.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- The interplay of central insulin and menstrual cycle on functional brain networks and neural food cue reactivity in women.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Effects of antipsychotics on brain insulin action in females: Study protocol for a placebo-controlled, crossover neuroimaging study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Modulating food intake by nasal application of peptides targeting melanocortin 4 receptor and ghrelin receptor systems.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Acute Effect of Intranasal Insulin on Food Intake Among Middle-Aged African American Adults: The FIINAAL Study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Noshing on Chocolate, I Can Do That: Increased Chocolate Consumption in the Chocolate-Modified Bogus Taste Test With Better and Not Worse Inhibitory Control.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2025Article
- Metabolic underpinnings of cancer-related fatigue.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of brain insulin signaling in the control of food intake in humans has not been thoroughly defined. We hypothesized that the hormone contributes to the postprandial regulation of appetite for palatable food, and assessed the effects on appetite and snack intake of postprandial versus fasted intranasal insulin administration to the brain in healthy women. Two groups of subjects were intranasally administered 160 IU insulin or vehicle after lunch. Two hours later, consumption of cookies of varying palatability was measured under the pretext of a taste test. In a control study, the effects of intranasal insulin administered to fasted female subjects were assessed. Compared with placebo, insulin administration in the postprandial but not in the fasted state decreased appetite as well as intake and rated palatability of chocolate chip cookies (the most palatable snack offered). In both experiments, intranasal insulin induced a slight decrease in plasma glucose but did not affect serum insulin concentrations. Data indicate that brain insulin acts as a relevant satiety signal during the postprandial period, in particular reducing the intake of highly palatable food, and impacts peripheral glucose homeostasis. Postprandial intranasal insulin administration might be useful in curtailing overconsumption of snacks with accentuated rewarding value.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.