Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22339949›Full record

ArticleAddiction biology2013

BDNF Val(66)Met genotype is associated with drug-seeking phenotypes in heroin-dependent individuals: a pilot study.

Mark K Greenwald, Caren L Steinmiller, Elzbieta Sliwerska, Leslie Lundahl, Margit Burmeister

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Addiction biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025
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  7. Pharmacogenetics of Addiction Therapy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mark K GreenwaldSubstance Abuse Research Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. mgreen@med.wayne.edu
Caren L Steinmiller
Elzbieta Sliwerska
Leslie Lundahl
Margit Burmeister
Wayne State University · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Biobehavioral Studies of Opioid Seeking: Effects of Buprenorphine/Naloxone Dose on Experimental Stress Reactivity and Opioid AbstinenceR01DA015462 · NIDA · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI GREENWALD, MARK K · 2003 to 2019
$5.5M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA015462
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val(66)Met genotype has been associated with neurobehavioral deficits. To examine its relevance for addiction, we examined BDNF genotype differences in drug-seeking behavior. Heroin-dependent volunteers (n = 128) completed an interview that assessed past-month naturalistic drug-seeking/use behaviors. In African Americans (n = 74), the Met allele was uncommon (carrier frequency 6.8%); thus, analyses focused on European Americans (n = 54), in whom the Met allele was common (carrier frequency 37.0%). In their natural setting, Met carriers (n = 20) reported more time- and cost-intensive heroin-seeking and more cigarette use than Val homozygotes (n = 34). BDNF Val(66)Met genotype predicted 18.4% of variance in 'weekly heroin investment' (purchasing time × amount × frequency). These data suggest that the BDNF Met allele may confer a 'preferred drug-invested' phenotype, resistant to moderating effects of higher drug prices and non-drug reinforcement. These preliminary hypothesis-generating findings require replication, but are consistent with pre-clinical data that demonstrate neurotrophic influence in drug reinforcement. Whether this genotype is relevant to other abused substances besides opioids or nicotine, or treatment response, remains to be determined.

Indexed as

GenotypeAdolescentAdultAmino Acid SubstitutionAnalysis of VarianceBehavior, AddictiveBlack or African AmericanBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorDrug-Seeking BehaviorFemaleGene FrequencyHeroin DependenceHumansInterview, PsychologicalMaleMethionineBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorMethionineValineBDNFcigarettedrug-seekinggenotypeheroinopioid.

Identifiers

PMID22339949
PMCPMC3360127
OpenAlexW1574293917

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.