Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22338326›Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique

Ontario's school-based HPV immunization program: school board assent and parental consent.

Sarah E Wilson, Emily Karas, Natasha S Crowcroft, Erika Bontovics, Shelley L Deeks

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. "Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Evaluation of an intervention providing HPV vaccine in schools.American journal of health behavior · 2014
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Sarah E WilsonPublic Health Ontario, Toronto, ON. sarah.wilson@utoronto.ca
Emily Karas
Natasha S Crowcroft
Erika Bontovics
Shelley L Deeks
3M (United States) · USMinistry of Health and Long Term Care · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the implementation of Ontario's publicly-funded, school-based HPV immunization program through a process evaluation.

participantsThe immunization program targets grade 8 females. Ontario vaccine-preventable disease managers were the key informants for this evaluation.

settingOntario, Canada.

interventionOntario's Public Health Units (HUs) are responsible for the local implementation of the immunization program. The process evaluation involved a telephone-based, semi-structured questionnaire which included questions on stakeholder engagement; school and school board participation; communication strategies; and processes for obtaining informed consent. OUTCOMES: All 36 HUs participated; 16 (44%) reported difficulties receiving agreement from local school boards to administer HPV vaccine in schools. Two Catholic school boards have not permitted HPV vaccine clinics in their schools: 1 only during the first year and 1 in the second and third years. All HUs request parental consent for students to receive the HPV vaccine and 5/36 also request or encourage student consent; 14 HUs indicated they would immunize a grade 8 girl at a school clinic, in the absence of parental consent, if the student requested immunization and was judged capable of providing informed consent.

conclusionMany HUs reported challenges in receiving support from local school boards. Despite this, vaccine clinics have been offered in all but 2 public school boards since 2007. All HUs request parental consent before HPV immunization at school-based clinics; 39% would consider immunizing in absence of parental consent. The results of this process evaluation will inform the HPV immunization program evaluation that is currently underway in Ontario.

Indexed as

Attitude to HealthPapillomavirus VaccinesProcess Assessment, Health CareAdolescentChildFemaleGoverning BoardHealth Plan ImplementationHumansImmunization ProgramsOntarioParental ConsentSchool Health ServicesPapillomavirus Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID22338326
PMCPMC6973551
OpenAlexW1542986111

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.