GuidelineAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2012
An official American Thoracic Society statement: update on the mechanisms, assessment, and management of dyspnea.
Guideline in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 18 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 681 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Respiratory Event-Related Potentials in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury: An Evaluation of Somatosensory Afferents
Recalled Exertional Breathlessness and Improved Predicted Exercise Capacity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The Relating Experienced To Recalled Breathlessness Observational Study
Comparison of Clinical and Physiological Response Among Three Modalities of Exercise Training in COPD With Chronic Respiratory Failure (CRF)
Effectiveness of an Exercise Re-training Program on Dyspnea in Patients After Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia in Post-ICU
Sensory and Emotional Modulation of Dyspnea Under Artificial Ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit
Efficacy of Self-administered Hypnosis for the Complementary Management of Anxiety and Dyspnea During Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A 2-armed Randomized Controlled Trial
Telerehabilitation for Veteran Lung Cancer Survivors Following Curative Intent Therapy
Effect of Combined Upper and Lower Extremity Endurance Training Versus Lower Extremity Training Alone on ADL and Walking in COPD Patients
Comparison of the Two-year Efficacy of Three Exercise Rehabilitation Strategies on Dyspnea in Patients Who Presented With Secondary Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability of the Respiratory Distress Observation Scale in Adult Palliative Care Patients: A Turkish Version
Comparative Effect of Box Breathing And Buteyko Breathing on Pulmonary Functions in Asthma
Automatic Detection of Dyspnea in Mechanically Ventilated, Critically Ill Patients
Breathlessness Patterns in Patients With Cancer, COPD and Heart Failure: an fMRI Feasibility Study
Early Effects of Different Inspiratory Muscle Training on Disease Clinical Course, Respiratory Parameters, Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Patients With COPD
Comparison of the Effects of Chest PNF Techniques and Chest Mobility Exercises on Respiratory Function, Chest Expansion, and Functional Capacity in University Students With Smoking Addiction: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Study
Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) on Respiratory Effort: A Pilot Study in Healthy Adults
The Influence of Standard Ventilator Setting Adjustments on Dyspnea Experienced in Awake Mechanically-ventilated Patients: A Pilot Study
Who cites it
681 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,802 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fan Therapy for Alleviating Dyspnea in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical nursing · 2026Pooled it
- High-flow nasal oxygen for the relief of persistent dyspnea in adult patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Palliative medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Global prevalence of dyspnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Nonpharmacological dyspnoea-relief strategies in lung cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and correlates of breathlessness in adults: an umbrella review and updated systematic review with meta-analysis in general and clinical populations.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Virtual reality in adults with respiratory diseases experiencing dyspnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Pooled it
- GOLD Science Committee recommendations for the use of pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry for the diagnosis of COPD.The European respiratory journal · 2025Guideline
- BreathCarer: Informal carers of patients with chronic breathlessness: a mixed-methods systematic review of burden, needs, coping, and support interventions.BMC palliative care · 2025Pooled it
- Supplemental oxygen for symptomatic relief in people with serious respiratory illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Brazilian Guideline for Exercise Testing in Children and Adolescents - 2024.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Guideline
- Reliability and Validity of Maximal Respiratory Pressures.Respiratory care · 2024Pooled it
- Optimizing breathlessness management in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: insights from a comprehensive systematic review.BMC palliative care · 2024Pooled it
- Brazilian Guideline for Exercise Test in the Adult Population - 2024.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Guideline
- Fixed-intensity exercise tests to measure exertional dyspnoea in chronic heart and lung populations: a systematic review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Pooled it
- Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Breathlessness in Lung Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Trial
- Depression and Anxiety as Moderators for a Behavioral Treatment for Dyspnea in Advanced Lung Cancer.Journal of pain and symptom management · 2025Trial
- Characterization of multidimensional dyspnea in advanced lung cancer with moderate to severe dyspnea-related functional impairment: a latent profile analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Trial
- Airway Scaffolds for Emphysema-related Hyperinflation: Six-Month Results from the BREATHE Trial.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Trial
- Modified Borg Scale (mBorg), the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and the Dyspnea- 12 Scale (D- 12): cross-scale comparison assessing the development of dyspnea in early-stage lung cancer patients.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Trial
- Handheld fans for dyspnoea in respiratory failure: randomised controlled trial.BMJ supportive & palliative care · 2025Trial
621 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDyspnea is a common, distressing symptom of cardiopulmonary and neuromuscular diseases. Since the ATS published a consensus statement on dyspnea in 1999, there has been enormous growth in knowledge about the neurophysiology of dyspnea and increasing interest in dyspnea as a patient-reported outcome. PURPOSE: The purpose of this document is to update the 1999 ATS Consensus Statement on dyspnea.
methodsAn interdisciplinary committee of experts representing ATS assemblies on Nursing, Clinical Problems, Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, and Behavioral Science determined the overall scope of this update through group consensus. Focused literature reviews in key topic areas were conducted by committee members with relevant expertise. The final content of this statement was agreed upon by all members.
resultsProgress has been made in clarifying mechanisms underlying several qualitatively and mechanistically distinct breathing sensations. Brain imaging studies have consistently shown dyspnea stimuli to be correlated with activation of cortico-limbic areas involved with interoception and nociception. Endogenous and exogenous opioids may modulate perception of dyspnea. Instruments for measuring dyspnea are often poorly characterized; a framework is proposed for more consistent identification of measurement domains.
conclusionsProgress in treatment of dyspnea has not matched progress in elucidating underlying mechanisms. There is a critical need for interdisciplinary translational research to connect dyspnea mechanisms with clinical treatment and to validate dyspnea measures as patient-reported outcomes for clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.