ArticleJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS2012
Using the Mouse Grimace Scale to reevaluate the efficacy of postoperative analgesics in laboratory mice.
Article in Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 225 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analgesic drug efficacy in mouse postoperative pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lab animal · 2026Pooled it
- Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats-A systematic review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- No evidence of immediate or persistent analgesic effect from a single dose of psilocybin in three mouse models of pain.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Evaluating the analgesic effect of metamizole in the mouse model for DSS-induced acute colitis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Analgesics in a Murine Bile Duct Ligation Model.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Suitability of prolonged meloxicam treatment in mice seems limited due to unfavorable pharmacokinetics, side effects, and impact on home-cage behaviors.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- A Review of Assessment of Sow Pain During Farrowing Using Grimace Scores.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Metabolic Cage Analysis of Surgically Catheterized C57BL/6J Mice (Mus musculus) Treated with Carprofen and Sustained-Release Buprenorphine.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Effect of analgesic treatments on voluntary activity, mechanical sensitivity and muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin injection in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Psilocybin has no immediate or persistent analgesic effect in acute and chronic mouse pain models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Current practices of pain assessment and analgesic use in laboratory mice: A 2022 FELASA Working Group survey.Laboratory animals · 2025Article
- Open Field Two-Texture Preference Testing Is Not Associated With the Neuropathic Pain-Like Phenotype That Occurs Following Mouse Cervical Contusion Spinal Cord Injury.Neuroscience insights · 2025Article
- How facial expressions reveal acute pain in domestic animals with facial pain scales as a diagnostic tool.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- The IPBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2025Article
- Testing perioperative meloxicam analgesia to enhance welfare while preserving model validity in an inflammation-induced seizure model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Neurobiology and Anatomy of Facial Expressions in Great Apes: Application of the AnimalFACS and Its Possible Association with the Animal's Affective State.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Development of the calf grimace scale for pain and stress assessment in castrated Angus beef calves.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Investigating the Effect of Enterally Administered Capromorelin on Body Weight in Mice (Mus musculus).Comparative medicine · 2024Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Postoperative pain management in animals is complicated greatly by the inability to recognize pain. As a result, the choice of analgesics and their doses has been based on extrapolation from greatly differing pain models or the use of measures with unclear relevance to pain. We recently developed the Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS), a facial-expression-based pain coding system adapted directly from scales used in nonverbal human populations. The MGS has shown to be a reliable, highly accurate measure of spontaneous pain of moderate duration, and therefore is particularly useful in the quantification of postoperative pain. In the present study, we quantified the relative intensity and duration of postoperative pain after a sham ventral ovariectomy (laparotomy) in outbred mice. In addition, we compiled dose-response data for 4 commonly used analgesics: buprenorphine, carprofen, ketoprofen, and acetaminophen. We found that postoperative pain in mice, as defined by facial grimacing, lasts for 36 to 48 h, and appears to show relative exacerbation during the early dark (active) photophase. We find that buprenorphine was highly effective in inhibiting postoperative pain-induced facial grimacing in mice at doses equal to or lower than current recommendations, that carprofen and ketoprofen are effective only at doses markedly higher than those currently recommended, and that acetaminophen was ineffective at any dose used. We suggest the revision of practices for postoperative pain management in mice in light of these findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
22330867PMC3276965W1479971025What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.