Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22330251›Full record

ArticleComparative medicine2011

The streptozotocin-induced diabetic nude mouse model: differences between animals from different sources.

Melanie L Graham, Jody L Janecek, Jessica A Kittredge, Bernhard J Hering, Henk-Jan Schuurman

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Comparative medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
134citing papers in PubMed
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

134 citing papers in PubMed, 220 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Phytochemical and Preliminary Biological Evaluation ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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  6. Guidelines for diet-induced models of cardiometabolic syndrome.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025
    Review
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  14. Article
  15. Development of Animal Models for Preclinical Safety Studies.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Melanie L GrahamSchulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. graha066@umn.edu
Jody L Janecek
Jessica A Kittredge
Bernhard J Hering
Henk-Jan Schuurman
University of Minnesota · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes is induced in mice by using streptozotocin (STZ), a compound that has a preferential toxicity toward pancreatic β cells. We evaluated nude male mice from various sources for their sensitivity to a single high dose (160 to 240 mg/kg) of STZ. Diabetes was induced in male mice (age: median, 12 wk; interquartile range, 11 to 14 wk; body weight, about 30 g) from Taconic Farms (TAC), Jackson Laboratories (JAX), and Charles River Laboratories (CRL). Mice were monitored for 30 d for adverse side effects, blood glucose, and insulin requirements. In CRL mice given 240 mg/kg STZ, more than 95% developed diabetes within 4 to 5 d, and loss of body weight was relatively low (mean, 0.4 g). In comparison, both TAC and JAX mice were more sensitive to STZ, as evidenced by faster development of diabetes (even at a lower STZ dose), greater need for insulin after STZ, greater body weight loss (mean: TAC, 3.5 g; JAX, 3.7 g), and greater mortality. We recommend conducting exploratory safety assessments when selecting a nude mouse source, with the aim of limiting morbidity and mortality to less than 10%.

Indexed as

Analysis of VarianceAnimalsDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalMaleMiceMice, NudeSpecies SpecificityStreptozocinStreptozocin

Identifiers

PMID22330251
PMCPMC3155402
OpenAlexW1579885008

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.