ArticlePharmacogenomics2012
Predicting warfarin dosage in European-Americans and African-Americans using DNA samples linked to an electronic health record.
Article in Pharmacogenomics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Warfarin dosing algorithms: A systematic review.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Recommendations for Clinical Warfarin Genotyping Allele Selection: A Report of the Association for Molecular Pathology and the College of American Pathologists.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2020Guideline
- Effect of CYP4F2, VKORC1, and CYP2C9 in Influencing Coumarin Dose: A Single-Patient Data Meta-Analysis in More Than 15,000 Individuals.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2019Pooled it
- Influence of the CYP4F2 polymorphism on the risk of hemorrhagic complications in coumarin-treated patients.Saudi medical journal · 2016Pooled it
- Prospective validation of the International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium algorithm in high-risk elderly people (VIALE study).The pharmacogenomics journal · 2020Trial
- Association of Omeprazole-Related Myopathy With Drug-Drug and Drug-Gene Interactions Involving CYP2C19 and CYP3A4: A Nested Case-Control Study.Pharmacotherapy · 2025Article
- Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Warfarin Dosing Algorithm for Cardiovascular Patients in Indonesia: A Tailored Method to Anticoagulation Therapy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Evaluating the frequency and the impact of pharmacogenetic alleles in an ancestrally diverse Biobank population.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Characterization of Reference Materials with an Association for Molecular Pathology Pharmacogenetics Working Group Tier 2 Status: CYP2C9, CYP2C19, VKORC1, CYP2C Cluster Variant, and GGCX: A GeT-RM Collaborative Project.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2021Article
- Role of Genetic Variations in the Hepatic Handling of Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020 · on this mapReview
- The emerging landscape of health research based on biobanks linked to electronic health records: Existing resources, statistical challenges, and potential opportunities.Statistics in medicine · 2020Article
- The Implementation Chasm Hindering Genome-informed Health Care.The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2020Article
- Pharmacogenomics.Lancet (London, England) · 2019Review
- PGxO and PGxLOD: a reconciliation of pharmacogenomic knowledge of various provenances, enabling further comparison.BMC bioinformatics · 2019Article
- PGxO and PGxLOD: a reconciliation of pharmacogenomic knowledge of various provenances, enabling further comparison.BMC bioinformatics · 2019Article
- Leveraging Big Data to Transform Drug Discovery.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2019Article
- Pharmacogenetics of warfarin dosing in patients of African and European ancestry.Pharmacogenomics · 2018Review
- Predicting the need for a reduced drug dose, at first prescription.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Frequency of Common VKORC1 Polymorphisms and Their Impact on Warfarin Dose Requirement in Pakistani Population.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis · 2018Article
- The Influence of Big (Clinical) Data and Genomics on Precision Medicine and Drug Development.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2018Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimWarfarin pharmacogenomic algorithms reduce dosing error, but perform poorly in non-European-Americans. Electronic health record (EHR) systems linked to biobanks may allow for pharmacogenomic analysis, but they have not yet been used for this purpose. PATIENTS &
methodsWe used BioVU, the Vanderbilt EHR-linked DNA repository, to identify European-Americans (n = 1022) and African-Americans (n = 145) on stable warfarin therapy and evaluated the effect of 15 pharmacogenetic variants on stable warfarin dose.
resultsAssociations between variants in VKORC1, CYP2C9 and CYP4F2 with weekly dose were observed in European-Americans as well as additional variants in CYP2C9 and CALU in African-Americans. Compared with traditional 5 mg/day dosing, implementing the US FDA recommendations or the International Warfarin Pharmacogenomics Consortium (IWPC) algorithm reduced error in weekly dose in European-Americans (13.5-12.4 and 9.5 mg/week, respectively) but less so in African-Americans (15.2-15.0 and 13.8 mg/week, respectively). By further incorporating associated variants specific for European-Americans and African-Americans in an expanded algorithm, dose-prediction error reduced to 9.1 mg/week (95% CI: 8.4-9.6) in European-Americans and 12.4 mg/week (95% CI: 10.0-13.2) in African-Americans. The expanded algorithm explained 41 and 53% of dose variation in African-Americans and European-Americans, respectively, compared with 29 and 50%, respectively, for the IWPC algorithm. Implementing these predictions via dispensable pill regimens similarly reduced dosing error.
conclusionThese results validate EHR-linked DNA biorepositories as real-world resources for pharmacogenomic validation and discovery.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.