Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22326308›Full record

ReviewBiochemical pharmacology2012

Nuclear receptors in the multidrug resistance through the regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters.

Yakun Chen, Yong Tang, Changxiong Guo, Jiuhui Wang, Debasish Boral, Daotai Nie

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biochemical pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
95citing papers in PubMed
31.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

95 citing papers in PubMed, 215 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. FXR crosstalk with other nuclear receptors.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2025
    Review
  9. DDI-CYP: Metabolism ensemble models for drug-drug interaction predictions.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. The roles of ABCB1/P-glycoprotein drug transporters in regulating gut microbes and inflammation: insights from animal models, old and new.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yakun ChenDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, United States.
Yong Tang
Changxiong Guo
Jiuhui Wang
Debasish Boral
Daotai Nie
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine · US

Funding

Pregnane X Receptor as a Regulator of Multi-Drug Resistance in Prostate CancerR15CA133776 · NCI · SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY SCH OF MED · PI NIE, DAOTAI · 2008 to 2008
$218k
NCI NIH HHS R15 CA133776
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemotherapy is one of the three most common treatment modalities for cancer. However, its efficacy is limited by multidrug resistant cancer cells. Drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and efflux transporters promote the metabolism, elimination, and detoxification of chemotherapeutic agents. Consequently, elevated levels of DMEs and efflux transporters reduce the therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapeutics and, often, lead to treatment failure. Nuclear receptors, especially pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) and constitutive androstane activated receptor (CAR, NR1I3), are increasingly recognized for their role in xenobiotic metabolism and clearance as well as their role in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) during chemotherapy. Promiscuous xenobiotic receptors, including PXR and CAR, govern the inducible expressions of a broad spectrum of target genes that encode phase I DMEs, phase II DMEs, and efflux transporters. Recent studies conducted by a number of groups, including ours, have revealed that PXR and CAR play pivotal roles in the development of MDR in various human carcinomas, including prostate, colon, ovarian, and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Accordingly, PXR/CAR expression levels and/or activation statuses may predict prognosis and identify the risk of drug resistance in patients subjected to chemotherapy. Further, PXR/CAR antagonists, when used in combination with existing chemotherapeutics that activate PXR/CAR, are feasible and promising options that could be utilized to overcome or, at least, attenuate MDR in cancer cells.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, MultipleInactivation, MetabolicConstitutive Androstane ReceptorDrug Resistance, NeoplasmEnzymesHumansNeoplasmsPregnane X ReceptorReceptors, Aryl HydrocarbonReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearReceptors, SteroidConstitutive Androstane ReceptorEnzymesNR1I2 protein, humanNR1I3 protein, humanPregnane X ReceptorReceptors, Aryl HydrocarbonReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearReceptors, Steroid

Identifiers

PMID22326308
PMCPMC3339266
OpenAlexW2109062146

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.