ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
A Y-linked anti-Müllerian hormone duplication takes over a critical role in sex determination.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 212 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
212 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 545 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-specific differences in zebrafish brains.Biology of sex differences · 2022Pooled it
- A helix-loop-helix gene orchestrates male fate in common carp.Science advances · 2026Article
- Functional Sex Reversal in Adult Gonochoristic Teleosts is Mediated by Ovarian Germline Stem Cell Plasticity and Somatic Cell Transdifferentiation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Sex Determination in Sponges.Molecular reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Evaluation of season and sex specific differential gonadal transcriptomics in Himalayan snow trout Schizothorax plagiostomus, Heckel, 1838.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Characterization of Sex-Linked Regions in the Sangzhi Horned Toad (Boulenophrys sangzhiensis) Reveals Complex Sex Determination Mechanisms.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- Regulation of the amh gene promoter activity by SF-1 in sex-reversing Cheilinus undulatus and its adaptive evolution.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Identification and Functional Analysis ofBiomolecules · 2026Article
- Comparative RNA-Seq Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Testis and Ovary of Mudskipper,Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- amh alleles on XY sex chromosomes regulate male differentiation in amphidiploid Carassius auratus.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Evidence for <italic>sult1st6y</italic> as a Major Candidate Sex-Determining Gene in Pacific Bluefin Tuna.Sexual development : genetics, molecular biology, evolution, endocrinology, embryology, and pathology of sex determination and differentiation · 2026Article
- The Effect of AMH on Folliculogenesis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Review
- RNA binding protein RBM20 regulates turtle temperature-dependent sex determination by repressing the splicing ofScience advances · 2025Article
- A Y-linked duplication of anti-Mullerian hormone is the sex determination gene in threespine stickleback.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Haplotype-resolved genomics identifiesiScience · 2025Article
- Genotype-by-environment interactive effects and conflict solving during gonadal sex differentiation of pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis, a fish with dual genotypic/environmental sex determination.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Transposable Element-Mediated Cis-Regulation Drives the Evolution of dmrt1 as a Candidate Master Sex-Determining Gene in Black Carp.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- A Novel Steroidogenic Action of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Teleosts: Evidence from the European Sea Bass Male (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Transcriptome analysis reveals the sex-switching mechanism of juvenile hermaphroditism in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus).Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Early Temporal Dynamics of Gonadal Development and Sexually Dimorphic Gene Expression During Sex Differentiation in Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuatsi).Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
152 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gonadal sex determination in vertebrates generally follows a sequence of genetically programmed events. In what is seemingly becoming a pattern, all confirmed or current candidate "master" sex-determining genes reported in this group, e.g., SRY in eutherian mammals, DMY/dmrt1bY in medaka, DM-W in the African clawed frog, and DMRT1 in chicken encode transcription factors. In contrast, here we show that a male-specific, duplicated copy of the anti-Müllerian hormone (amh) is implicated in testicular development of the teleost fish Patagonian pejerrey (Odontesthes hatcheri). The gene, termed amhy because it is found in a single metacentric/submetacentric chromosome of XY individuals, is expressed much earlier than the autosomal amh (6 d after fertilization vs. 12 wk after fertilization) and is localized to presumptive Sertoli cells of XY males during testicular differentiation. Moreover, amhy knockdown in XY embryos resulted in the up-regulation of foxl2 and cyp19a1a mRNAs and the development of ovaries. These results are evidence of a functional amh duplication in vertebrates and suggest that amhy may be the master sex-determining gene in this species. If confirmed, this would be a unique instance of a hormone-related gene, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, in such a role.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.