ArticleDiabetes care2012
Infant and toddler type 1 diabetes: complications after 20 years' duration.
Article in Diabetes care, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of vascular complications and factors predictive of their development in young adults with type 1 diabetes: systematic literature review.BMC research notes · 2014Pooled it
- Trial
- Characteristics of type 1 diabetes in Northwest China: A multicenter hospital-based study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Perspective of parents of children with type 1 diabetes on the future of their child: a qualitative study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus in pediatric age group: A rising endemic.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Review
- Clinical predictive factors in diabetic kidney disease progression.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2017Review
- Influence of Age at Diagnosis and Time-Dependent Risk Factors on the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2016Observational
- Long-term Outcomes in Youths with Diabetes Mellitus.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2015Review
- Morbidity and mortality in young-onset type 2 diabetes in comparison to type 1 diabetes: where are we now?Current diabetes reports · 2015Review
- BRIGHT Guidelines on Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2014Article
- Transition from pediatric to adult care. eight years after the transition from pediatric to adult diabetes care: metabolic control, complications and associated diseases.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2014Article
- Health behaviour in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes compared to a representative reference population.PloS one · 2014Article
- Article
- Serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-Beta 1 in predicting the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy in juvenile patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes research · 2013Article
- Effect of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 on Diabetic Retinopathy in Pubertal Age Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.Asia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the effect of the prepubertal duration of diabetes on the occurrence of complications in two groups of patients after the same number of years of the disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis multicenter study enrolled 105 patients aged 16-40.3 years; 53 were prepubertal at diagnosis (aged 0-3) and 52 were pubertal (Tanner stage) and aged 9-14.9. The mean duration of disease was 19.8 and 19.5 years for prepubertal and pubertal patients, respectively. In all patients, retinal photographs were taken and centrally graded. Urinary albumin excretion (UAE; 86 case subjects), blood pressure (BP; 89 case subjects), and lifetime HbA(1c) (72 case subjects) were also evaluated.
resultsThe prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was higher in pubertal than in prepubertal patients, both for any grade DR (71 vs. 40%, P = 0.002) and for mild or more severe DR (P = 0.005). The prevalence of abnormal UAE was not different in the two groups. Hypertension was found only in three patients, all pubertal at diagnosis. In the small group with moderate-to-severe DR, lifetime HbA(1c) levels, as percentages above the upper normal reference value, were higher (P < 0.01) in prepubertal than in pubertal patients.
conclusionsIf diabetes is diagnosed in infants or toddlers and the prepubertal duration of diabetes is very long, the patients seem to be protected against DR. This protection disappears if lifetime metabolic control is bad. Instead, when onset is at puberty, the DR risk is higher and less dependent on metabolic control and may be influenced by age-related factors, such as BP.
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