Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22322083›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2012

Changes in fitness and fatness on the development of cardiovascular disease risk factors hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and hypercholesterolemia.

Duck-Chul Lee, Xuemei Sui, Timothy S Church, Carl J Lavie, Andrew S Jackson, Steven N Blair

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
120citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
18.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

120 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 288 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Effects of Physical Exercise on Endothelial Function and DNA Methylation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Trial
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  14. Persistent effect at 30-month post intervention of a community-based randomized trial of KM2HThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2018
    Trial
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60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Duck-Chul LeeDepartment of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA. lee23@mailbox.sc.edu
Xuemei Sui
Timothy S Church
Carl J Lavie
Andrew S Jackson
Steven N Blair
University of South Carolina · USPennington Biomedical Research Center · USUniversity of Houston · US

Funding

Impact of Physical Fitness and Exercise on HealthR37AG006945 · NIA · COOPER INSTITUTE · PI BLAIR, STEVEN N. · 2002 to 2005
$2.7M
CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM, EXERCISE TESTS, AND CHD OUTCOMER01HL062508 · NHLBI · COOPER INSTITUTE · PI LAMONTE, MICHAEL J · 1999 to 2004
$2.5M
IMPACT OF PHYSICAL FITNESS &EXERCISE ON HEALTHR01AG006945 · NIA · COOPER INSTITUTE · PI BLAIR, STEVEN N. · 1986 to 2001
$1.1M
Understanding Patterns of Change in Obesity and Physical Activity in AdultsR21DK088195 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI SUI, XUEMEI · 2010 to 2011
$397k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL062508NIA NIH HHS R01 AG006945NIA NIH HHS R37 AG006945NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK088195
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study sought examine the independent and combined associations of changes in fitness and fatness with the subsequent incidence of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors of hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and hypercholesterolemia.

backgroundThe relative and combined contributions of fitness and fatness to health are controversial, and few studies are available on the associations of changes in fitness and fatness with the development of CVD risk factors.

methodsWe followed up 3,148 healthy adults who received at least 3 medical examinations. Fitness was determined by using a maximal treadmill test. Fatness was expressed by percent body fat and body mass index. Changes in fitness and fatness between the first and second examinations were categorized into loss, stable, or gain groups.

resultsDuring the 6-year follow-up after the second examination, 752, 426, and 597 adults developed hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and hypercholesterolemia, respectively. Maintaining or improving fitness was associated with lower risk of developing each outcome, whereas increasing fatness was associated with higher risk of developing each outcome, after adjusting for possible confounders and fatness or fitness for each other (all p for trend <0.05). In the joint analyses, the increased risks associated with fat gain appeared to be attenuated, although not completely eliminated, when fitness was maintained or improved. In addition, the increased risks associated with fitness loss were also somewhat attenuated when fatness was reduced.

conclusionsBoth maintaining or improving fitness and preventing fat gain are important to reduce the risk of developing CVD risk factors in healthy adults.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueAdultExercise TestFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansHypercholesterolemiaHypertensionMaleMetabolic SyndromeMiddle AgedPhysical FitnessProspective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID22322083
PMCPMC3293498
OpenAlexW105412638

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.