ArticleNature2012
Extrathymically generated regulatory T cells control mucosal TH2 inflammation.
Article in Nature, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 484 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
484 citing papers in PubMed, 801 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dysregulated tissue immunity in human fatal asthma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mucosal immunity: mechanism and application in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- A Bacterial Microbiome Is Dispensable for the Induction of CD8 T Cell Exhaustion.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Immune Dysfunction in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome.The Prostate · 2026Article
- Serum nuclear alarmins associate with IgE-mediated food sensitization, but have no role in effector response to food challenge.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- CNS1-dependent regulatory T cells shape recovery from acute lung injury.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Type 2 conventional dendritic cells and regulatory T cells form a barrier tissue circuit to control allergic inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CCR8The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- IgE, anti-IgE therapy, and regulatory T cells: new paradigms in allergic inflammation.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- The relativity of regulatory T cell suppression modes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Specialized Dendritic Cells Mediating Peripheral Tolerance to Intestinal Antigens.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in hypoxic environments.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Intricate Interplay of Noncoding RNAs and the Gut Microbiome in Gastrointestinal and Endocrine-Related Cancers.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Context-dependent roles of the gut microbiome in food allergy tolerance versus sensitization.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Article
- Irisin-Treg crosstalk: unveiling a mechanism in neural cognitive regulation.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota in regulatory T cell generation and function: mechanisms and health implications.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Foreign epitope-specific regulatory T cells respond robustly to vaccination and limit Th1 differentiation by conventional T cells specific for the same epitope.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Diet Components, Immune Function and IgE-Mediated Food Allergy.Nutrients · 2025Review
424 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms at mucosal interfaces, which are sites of constitutive exposure to microbes and non-microbial foreign substances, allows for efficient protection against pathogens yet prevents adverse inflammatory responses associated with allergy, asthma and intestinal inflammation. Regulatory T (T(reg)) cells prevent systemic and tissue-specific autoimmunity and inflammatory lesions at mucosal interfaces. These cells are generated in the thymus (tT(reg) cells) and in the periphery (induced (i)T(reg) cells), and their dual origin implies a division of labour between tT(reg) and iT(reg) cells in immune homeostasis. Here we show that a highly selective blockage in differentiation of iT(reg) cells in mice did not lead to unprovoked multi-organ autoimmunity, exacerbation of induced tissue-specific autoimmune pathology, or increased pro-inflammatory responses of T helper 1 (T(H)1) and T(H)17 cells. However, mice deficient in iT(reg) cells spontaneously developed pronounced T(H)2-type pathologies at mucosal sites--in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs--with hallmarks of allergic inflammation and asthma. Furthermore, iT(reg)-cell deficiency altered gut microbial communities. These results suggest that whereas T(reg) cells generated in the thymus appear sufficient for control of systemic and tissue-specific autoimmunity, extrathymic differentiation of T(reg) cells affects commensal microbiota composition and serves a distinct, essential function in restraint of allergic-type inflammation at mucosal interfaces.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.