Trial reportAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology2012
A phase II clinical trial of sunitinib following hepatic transarterial embolization for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Trial report in Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pigmentary changes in patients treated with targeted anticancer agents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2017Pooled it
- Benefit, Risk, and Outcomes in Drug Development: A Systematic Review of Sunitinib.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2016Pooled it
- Role of Interventional Oncology in the Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors: 2026 Update.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- European Society of Neuroendocrine Tumors (ENETS) 2025 guidance paper for lung and thymic carcinoids.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: a systematic literature review.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
- Consensus report of the 2021 National Cancer Institute neuroendocrine tumor clinical trials planning meeting.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Transcatheter arterial embolization in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms related to liver metastasis with different blood supplies.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Prolonged progression-free survival achieved by octreotide LAR plus transarterial embolization in low-to-intermediate grade neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases with high hepatic tumor burden.Cancer medicine · 2022Article
- Orchestrating Treatment Modalities in Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors-Need for a Conductor.Cancers · 2022Review
- Review
- Therapeutic strategies for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: State-of-the-art and future perspectives.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2022Article
- Angiogenesis as a hallmark of solid tumors - clinical perspectives.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2021Review
- Systemic Treatment of Advanced Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Korea: Literature Review and Expert Opinion.Cancer research and treatment · 2021Review
- Liver-Directed Therapies for Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.Current oncology reports · 2021Review
- The Role of Interventional Radiology for the Treatment of Hepatic Metastases from Neuroendocrine Tumor: An Updated Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Embolotherapy for Hepatic Oncology: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.Digestive disease interventions · 2020Article
- A classification prognostic score to predict OS in stage IV well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors.Endocrine-related cancer · 2018Article
- Current and emerging therapies for PNETs in patients with or without MEN1.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2018Review
- Liver transarterial embolizations in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2017Review
- Molecularly targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma - a drug development crisis?World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe liver is the predominant site of metastases among patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Prior retrospective studies have reported high response rates in patients treated with transarterial embolization (TAE). NETs are highly vascular and are known to express vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). We hypothesized that administration of sunitinib, a VEGFR inhibitor, following TAE would extend progression-free survival (PFS). PATIENTS AND
methodsPatients with metastatic NETs to the liver underwent a series of selective TAEs followed by sunitinib (until disease progression or maximum of 12 months). Radiographic response (by RECIST), survival, and safety parameters were monitored.
resultsThirty-nine patients were enrolled. The overall response rate was 72% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58-0.86]. Median PFS was 15.2 months. Rates of overall survival (OS) at 1 and 4 years were 95% (95% CI, 0.88-1.00) and 59% (95% CI, 0.38-0.80), respectively. A significant 34% rise in serum VEGF was observed following the initial TAE (P = 0.03).
conclusionsHepatic TAE is a highly active treatment option for patients with metastatic NETs to the liver. Embolization stimulates release of VEGF into the circulation. Sunitinib, an oral VEGFR inhibitor, can be safely administered following embolization. The high rates of PFS and OS associated with this sequence of therapies are encouraging.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.