ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2012
Progranulin (GP88) tumor tissue expression is associated with increased risk of recurrence in breast cancer patients diagnosed with estrogen receptor positive invasive ductal carcinoma.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05627960 (FIH Phase 1A /1B Study of AG01 Antibody Against Progranulin/GP88 in Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies With Expansion Cohorts in Advanced Triple Negative Breast Ca, Hormone Resistant Breast Ca, Non Small Cell Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
FIH Phase 1A /1B Study of AG01 Antibody Against Progranulin/GP88 in Advanced Solid Tumor Malignancies With Expansion Cohorts in Advanced Triple Negative Breast Ca, Hormone Resistant Breast Ca, Non Small Cell Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with high progranulin expression.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Dysregulation of adipokines in the serum of breast cancer patients - role in pathogenesis and potential clinical application (preliminary studies).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Circulating Progranulin: A Promising Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Canine Oncology.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Article
- Molecular mechanisms and targeted therapy of progranulin in metabolic diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Progranulinopathy: A diverse realm of disorders linked to progranulin imbalances.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2024Review
- Matrine From Sophora Flavescens Attenuates on Collagen-Induced Osteoarthritis by Modulating the Activity of miR-29B-3P/PGRN Axis.Physiological research · 2023Article
- Progranulin Oncogenic Network in Solid Tumors.Cancers · 2023Review
- Article
- Defects of Nutrient Signaling and Autophagy in Neurodegeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Downregulation of LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Induced by IL-1β Aggravates Osteoarthritis via Regulating miR-29b-3p/PGRN.Cartilage · 2021Article
- A narrative review of multiple mechanisms of progranulin in cancer: a potential target for anti-cancer therapy.Translational cancer research · 2021Review
- Article
- Anti-progranulin/GP88 antibody AG01 inhibits triple negative breast cancer cell proliferation and migration.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Article
- Tumor co-expression of progranulin and sortilin as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2021Article
- Association of Serum Progranulin Levels With Disease Progression, Therapy Response and Survival in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer.Clinical breast cancer · 2020Observational
- The signal peptide as a new target for drug design.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2020Review
- Prognostic significance of serum progranulin level in de novo adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2020Article
- Prognostic Value of Progranulin in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Treated with Curative Resection.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2020Article
- Expression of GP88 (Progranulin) Protein Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Prostate Cancer Patients.Cancers · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionGP88 (progranulin) has been implicated in tumorigenesis and resistance to anti-estrogen therapies for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. Previous pathological studies showed that GP88 is expressed in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), but not in normal mammary epithelial tissue, benign lesions or lobular carcinoma. Based on these results, the present study examines GP88 prognostic significance in association with recurrence and death risks for ER+ IDC patients.
methodsTwo retrospective multi-site clinical studies examined GP88 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of paraffin-embedded breast tumor tissue sections from ER+ IDC patients (lymph node positive and negative, stage 1 to 3) in correlation with patients' survival outcomes. The training study established a GP88 cut-off value associated with decreased disease-free (DFS) and overall (OS) survivals. The validation study verified the GP88 cut-off value and compared GP88 prognostic information with other prognostic factors, particularly tumor size, grade, disease stage and lymph node status in multivariate analysis.
resultsGP88 expression is associated with a statistically significant increase in recurrence risk for ER+ IDC patients. The training study established that GP88 3+ score was associated with decreased DFS (P = 0.0004) and OS (P = 0.0036). The independent validation study verified that GP88 3+ score was associated with a 5.9-fold higher hazard of disease recurrence and a 2.5-fold higher mortality hazard compared to patients with tumor GP88 < 3+. GP88 remained an independent risk predictor after considering age, ethnicity, nodal status, tumor size, tumor grade, disease stage, progesterone receptor expression and treatments.
conclusionsThe survival factor GP88 is a novel prognostic biomarker, predictive of recurrence risk and increased mortality for non-metastatic ER+ IDC patients. Of importance, our data show that GP88 continues to be a prognostic factor even after five years. These results also provide evidence that GP88 provides prognostic information independent of tumor and clinical characteristics and would support prospective study to examine whether GP88 expression could help stratify patients with ER+ tumors for adjuvant therapy.
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