ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2012
Genetics of type 1 diabetes.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 329 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between TNF gene polymorphisms (-308 A/G, -238 A/G, -1031 C/T and -857 T/C) and genetic susceptibility to T1D: a meta-analysis.Endocrine · 2014Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the family-based association between the PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism and type 1 diabetes.Molecular biology reports · 2013Pooled it
- The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.The review of diabetic studies : RDSPooled it
- Genetic association stratified by HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 status reveals heterogeneity in pathways of progression to type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis: Mechanisms, Early Diagnostic Strategies, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Review
- Multi-tissue multi-omics integration reveals tissue-specific pathways, gene networks and drug candidates for type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Gain-of-function mutation inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A variant in RESF1 is associated with Addison's disease and multiple autoimmune syndrome in young Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Synthetic Immunological Niche Reveals Early Immune Dysregulation and Stratifies Therapeutic Response in Type 1 Diabetes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Identification of a type 1 diabetes-associated T cell receptor repertoire signature from the human peripheral blood.Science advances · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity in clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetes: characterising a unique cohort with maintained C-peptide secretion in Ghana.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Genetic Risk and Transition Through Preclinical Stages of Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Bacterial Metabolites in the Plasma of Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Acetate Levels Are Elevated and Correlate with Glycated Haemoglobin and Para-Cresol Is Associated with Liver Disturbances and Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Evaluation of distinct and similar pathological features between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Race, ethnicity and ancestry in global diabetes research: grappling with complexity to advance equity and scientific integrity - a narrative review and viewpoint.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Article
- The Presence of Risk and Protective HLA-DQ Haplotype Combinations and PLA2R1 Risk SNP in Hungarian Patients with Membranous Nephropathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Immunogenetic Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes in 14 Continental Western European Countries.Journal of immunological sciences · 2025Article
- Molecular Insight into the Role of HLA Genotypes in Immunogenicity and Secondary Refractoriness to Anti-TNF Therapy in IBD Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A Historical and Epistemological Review of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been a subject of intensive study for nearly four decades. This article will present the history of these studies, beginning with observations of the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) association in the 1970s, through the advent of DNA-based genotyping methodologies, through recent large, international collaborations and genome-wide association studies. More than 40 genetic loci have been associated with T1D in multiple studies; however, the HLA region, with its multiple genes and extreme polymorphism at those loci, remains by far the greatest contributor to the genetic susceptibility to T1D. Even after decades of study, the complete story has yet to unfold, and exact mechanisms by which HLA and other associated loci confer T1D susceptibility remain elusive.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.