ArticleEndocrinology2012
Targeted pituitary overexpression of pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating polypeptide alters postnatal sexual maturation in male mice.
Article in Endocrinology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- The hypothalamic effects of PACAP on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in male mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Stimulus-Induced Activation of the Glycoprotein Hormone α-Subunit Promoter in Human Placental Choriocarcinoma Cells: Major Role of a tandem cAMP Response Element.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Sex-related differences in endogenous pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the thalamic paraventricular nucleus: Implications for addiction neuroscience.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Effect ofBiology · 2023Article
- Seasonal changes in the expression of PACAP, VPAC1, VPAC2, PAC1 and testicular activity in the testis of the muskrat (<em>Ondatra zibethicus</em>).European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2022Article
- PACAP: A regulator of mammalian reproductive function.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2020Review
- Signaling pathways and promoter regions that mediate pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) self-regulation in gonadotrophs.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2020Article
- Current State of Understanding of the Role of PACAP in the Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal Gonadotropin Functions of Mammals.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- PACAP induces FSHβ gene expression via EPAC.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2019Article
- Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide-27 (PACAP-27) in the Thalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Is Stimulated by Ethanol Drinking.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2018Article
- Role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in modulating hypothalamic-pituitary system.Reproductive medicine and biology · 2018Review
- Regulation of reproduction via tight control of gonadotropin hormone levels.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2018Review
- The risk of using intrauterine devices to benign reproductive system conditions in postmenopausal women: A case control study.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2016Article
- Advent and recent advances in research on the role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the regulation of gonadotropic hormone secretion of female rats.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2014Review
- Dopamine-2 receptor activation suppresses PACAP expression in gonadotrophs.Endocrinology · 2014Article
- Interaction of gonadal steroids and gonadotropin-releasing hormone on pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and PACAP receptor expression in cultured rat anterior pituitary cells.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2014Article
- AMP-activated protein kinase is a key intermediary in GnRH-stimulated LHβ gene transcription.Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is present in high concentrations within the hypothalamus, suggesting that it may be a hypophysiotropic factor, whereas pituitary expression suggests a paracrine function. PACAP stimulates gonadotropin secretion and enhances GnRH responsiveness. PACAP increases gonadotropin α-subunit (αGSU), lengthens LHβ, but reduces FSHβ mRNA levels in adult pituitary cell cultures in part by increasing follistatin. PACAP stimulates LH secretion in rats; however, acceptance of PACAP as a regulator of reproduction has been limited by a paucity of in vivo studies. We created a transgenic mouse model of pituitary PACAP overexpression using the αGSU subunit promoter. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate PACAP, follistatin, GnRH receptor, and the gonadotropin subunit mRNA in male transgenic and wild-type mice of various ages. Transgenic mice had greater than 1000-fold higher levels of pituitary PACAP mRNA; and immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and ELISA analyses confirmed high peptide levels. FSH, LH, and testosterone levels were significantly suppressed, and the timing of puberty was substantially delayed in PACAP transgenic mice in which gonadotropin subunit and GnRH receptor mRNA levels were reduced and pituitary follistatin expression was increased. Microarray analyses revealed 1229 of 45102 probes were significantly (P < 0.01) different in pituitaries from PACAP transgenic mice, of which 83 genes were at least 2-fold different. Genes involved in small molecule biochemistry, cancer, and reproductive system diseases were the top associated networks. The GnRH signaling pathway was the top canonical pathway affected by pituitary PACAP excess. These experiments provide the first evidence that PACAP affects gonadotropin expression and sexual maturation in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.