ArticleCurrent diabetes reports2012
The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Diabetes-Induced Inflammation: Implications for Vascular Complications.
Article in Current diabetes reports, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum and urinary mindin as a potential biomarker for diabetic retinopathy: a prospective cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Toll Like Receptors Promote High Glucose-Induced Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction by Regulating Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Modulation of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Therapeutic Role of Natural Polyphenols.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- TLR2 promotes the progression of diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis via activating NLRP3 inflammasome and MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Drugless peptide-based nanohybrids alleviate diabetic retinopathy by suppressing microglial activation and endothelial inflammation.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Benefits of Cilostazol's Effect on Vascular and Neuropathic Complications Caused by Diabetes.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The role of innate immunity in diabetic nephropathy and their therapeutic consequences.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Review
- Effect of Immunomodulating Extract and Some Isolates fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of diabetes mellitus on outcomes of patients with sepsis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2022Review
- Vitamin D Combined with Pioglitazone Mitigates Type-2 Diabetes-induced Hepatic Injury Through Targeting Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress.Inflammation · 2022Article
- Silencing TLR4 using an ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction-based shRNA system reduces ischemia-induced seizures in hyperglycemic rats.Open life sciences · 2022Article
- The role of inflammation in immune system of diabetic retinopathy: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenetic role and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Hesperetin suppresses LPS/high glucose-induced inflammatory responses via TLR/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways in THP-1 cells.Nutrition research and practice · 2021Article
- Article
- Physical Activity and Diet Shape the Immune System during Aging.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Patterns of Toll-Like Receptor Expressions and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels and Their Implications in the Progress of Insulin Resistance and Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Protective effects of sulforaphane on diabetic retinopathy: activation of the Nrf2 pathway and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome formation.Experimental animals · 2019Article
- Paeoniflorin Ameliorates Macrophage Infiltration and Activation by Inhibiting the TLR4 Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- Oxidative Stress and Microvascular Alterations in Diabetic Retinopathy: Future Therapies.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetes confers an increased risk for both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Numerous studies have reported increased levels of biomarkers of inflammation that could predispose to vascular complications. The pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune response, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), especially TLR2 and TLR4, have been incriminated in both atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Studies have reported increased expression and activity of these receptors in both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Most recently, knockout of TLR2 has been shown to attenuate the proinflammatory state of T1DM and the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The increased activity of TLRs in diabetes could be the result of a conspiracy of both endogenous and exogenous ligands. Biomediators of increased TLR2 and TLR4 activity include tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and type 1 interferons. Modulating these TLRs could be beneficial in forestalling diabetic complications given the pivotal role of inflammation in both microvascular and macrovascular complications.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.