ArticleAIDS (London, England)2012
A role for cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+CX3CR1+ T cells and cytomegalovirus-induced T-cell immunopathology in HIV-associated atherosclerosis.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human cytomegalovirus infection and coronary heart disease: a systematic review.Virology journal · 2018Pooled it
- Changes in Inflammation and Immune Activation With Atazanavir-, Raltegravir-, Darunavir-Based Initial Antiviral Therapy: ACTG 5260s.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Trial
- Rosuvastatin treatment reduces markers of monocyte activation in HIV-infected subjects on antiretroviral therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Restoration of CMV-specific-CD4 T cells with ART occurs early and is greater in those with more advanced immunodeficiency.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Cytomegalovirus in HIV: A Modifiable Driver of Inflammation, Frailty, and Aging.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- The potential role of trained immunity in HIV-associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Multimodal tumor thermal therapy enhances antitumor immunity by expanding tumor-reactive CX3CR1⁺GPR56⁺ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Mouse Models of HIV-Associated Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association of T-Cell Phenotypes With Peri-Coronary Inflammation in People With and Without HIV and Without Cardiovascular Disease.Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging · 2025Observational
- Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in HIV.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Inflammation in HIV and Its Impact on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Cytomegalovirus Infection Facilitates the Costimulation of CD57+CD28- CD8 T Cells in HIV Infection and Atherosclerosis via the CD2-LFA-3 Axis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Mechanisms underlying HIV-associated cognitive impairment and emerging therapies for its management.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Cytomegalovirus Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Titer and Coronary Artery Disease in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023 · on this mapArticle
- Tacrolimus-resistant SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell products to prevent and treat severe COVID-19 in immunosuppressed patients.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Article
- High prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations among Cytomegalovirus end-organ disease in the combination antiretroviral era.Journal of virus eradication · 2021Article
- Nonclassical Monocytes (CD14dimCD16+) Are Associated With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression for Men but Not Women: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis-Brief Report.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2021Article
- Anticytomegalovirus CD4Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2021Article
- Single-cell analysis shows that adipose tissue of persons with both HIV and diabetes is enriched for clonal, cytotoxic, and CMV-specific CD4+ T cells.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV-infected individuals are at increased risk for myocardial infarction. Given observations that cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, CMV-specific T cells, and CX3CR1 have each been associated with atherosclerosis, we hypothesized that CMV-induced T-cell immunopathology could contribute to HIV-associated atherosclerosis.
methodsWe measured the expression of CX3CR1 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and its association with carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in 29 HIV-infected individuals and 48 uninfected controls. We analyzed the phenotype and specificity of CX3CR1(+)CD4(+) T cells, the production of CX3CL1 (the ligand of CX3CR1) by CMV-infected endothelial cells in vitro, and the migration of CD4(+) T cells induced by CX3CL1.
resultsThe progression of atherosclerosis in HIV-infected individuals, as assessed by longitudinal measurements of carotid IMT, was associated with a high frequency of CD4(+) T cells that express the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. Such CD4(+)CX3CR1(+) T cells were antigen-primed, produced high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and composed the majority of the CMV-specific CD4(+) T cells. CMV-stimulated CD4(+) T cells were also found to induce the production of CX3CL1 (the ligand for CX3CR1) by human arterial endothelial cells, driving the transendothelial migration of pro-inflammatory CD4(+) T cells. Finally, we observed that CD4(+)CX3CR1(+) T cells could be localized to the coronary arterial wall in HIV disease.
conclusionHIV-associated atherosclerosis may be driven by a positive feedback pathway in which a high frequency of antigen-stimulated, CMV-specific CD4(+)CX3CR1(+) T cells induce endothelial cells to secrete CX3CL1, which itself drives progressive infiltration of the arterial wall by pro-inflammatory cells.
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Registered trials
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