ReviewBlood2012
Second malignancies after multiple myeloma: from 1960s to 2010s.
Review in Blood, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk for second primary malignancies in patients with multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- European Myeloma Network recommendations on the evaluation and treatment of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma.Haematologica · 2014Guideline
- A systematic classification of death causes in multiple myeloma.Blood cancer journal · 2018Trial
- Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial.Leukemia · 2018Trial
- New cancers after autotransplantations for multiple myeloma.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for therapy-related hematological malignancies in patients with multiple myeloma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Precursor Dendritic Cell Proliferation in Multiple Myeloma: A Precursor to Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Hematology reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Secondary Malignancies in Multiple Myeloma in Korean Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.Cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- CAR T-cell Resistance to Oncogenic Transformation.Blood cancer discovery · 2024Article
- The risk and survival of multiple myeloma as the second primary malignancy in a single Chinese center.Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- T cell lymphoma and secondary primary malignancy risk after commercial CAR T cell therapy.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Practical management of disease-related manifestations and drug toxicities in patients with multiple myeloma.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- A timeline of genetic variant enrichment: from multiple myeloma diagnosis to myeloma-associated myeloid malignancy.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Article
- Multiple myeloma in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report.Oncology letters · 2023Article
- Twin Malignancy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma in a Chemotherapy-Naïve Patient: A Rare Occurrence.Journal of laboratory physicians · 2023Article
- Case Report: Effects of multiple myeloma therapy on essential thrombocythemia and vice versa: a case of synchronous dual hematological malignancy.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Based on small numbers, recent reports from 3 randomized trials have consistently demonstrated more hematologic malignancies in patients treated with lenalidomide as maintenance (vs placebo). This fact has prompted concern and highlighted the association between multiple myeloma and second malignancies. Furthermore, an excess of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) after multiple myeloma has been known for over 4 decades. Most prior studies have been restricted because of small numbers of patients, inadequate follow-up, and limitations of ascertainment of second malignancies. Although the underlying biologic mechanisms of AML/MDS after multiple myeloma are unknown, treatment-related factors are presumed to be responsible. Recently, an excess risk of AML/MDS was found among 5652 patients with IgG/IgA (but not IgM) monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, supporting a role for disease-related factors. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that polymorphisms in germline genes may contribute to a person's susceptibility to subsequent cancers, whereas the potential influence of environmental and behavioral factors remains poorly understood. This review discusses current knowledge regarding second malignancies after multiple myeloma and gives future directions for efforts designed to characterize underlying biologic mechanisms, with the goal to maximize survival and minimize the risk for second malignancies for individual patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.