ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2012
Prevalence of esophageal eosinophilia varies by climate zone in the United States.
Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Role of Environmental Exposures in the Etiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Systematic Review.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2015Pooled it
- Twin and family studies reveal strong environmental and weaker genetic cues explaining heritability of eosinophilic esophagitis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2014Trial
- Nasal and inhaled steroid use does not influence treatment response outcomes in eosinophilic esophagitis.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2026Article
- Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Socioeconomic Deprivation Does Not Influence Disease Severity or Access to Dupilumab in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Gastroenterology research · 2026Article
- Eosinophilic gastroduodenitis: a pediatric perspective.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Tracking Public Interest in Rare Diseases and Eosinophilic Disorders in Germany: Web Search Analysis.JMIR infodemiology · 2025Article
- Particulate matter as a possible risk factor for eosinophilic esophagitis.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Article
- Challenging assumptions about the demographics of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases: A systematic review.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Article
- Epidemiologic and Clinical Clues to the Etiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Immunology and allergy clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Review article: Emerging insights into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of eosinophilic oesophagitis and other eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Eosinophilic esophagitis for the advanced practice provider.iGIE : innovation, investigation and insights · 2023Article
- Proximity to Swine Farming Operations as a Risk Factor for Eosinophilic Esophagitis.JPGN reports · 2023Article
- Early life exposures as risk factors for non-esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases.Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Food allergy: cause or consequence of pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis? Potential implications of ultraprocessed foods in prevention and management.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Review
- Nature with Nurture: the Role of Intrinsic Genetic and Extrinsic Environmental Factors on Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2022Review
- Dietary and Nutritional Support in Gastrointestinal Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract (I): Esophagus.Nutrients · 2022Review
- EoE CONNECT, the European Registry of Clinical, Environmental, and Genetic Determinants in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: rationale, design, and study protocol of a large-scale epidemiological study in Europe.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Eosinophilic esophagitis-established facts and new horizons.Seminars in immunopathology · 2021Review
- Early life factors are associated with risk for eosinophilic esophagitis diagnosed in adulthood.Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe epidemiology of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is rapidly evolving, and differences in climate could impact the prevalence of EoE. We aimed to examine the association between esophageal eosinophilia and climate zones in the United States.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study of esophageal biopsies from 2008 to 2010 in a large US pathology database. Cases were patients with esophageal eosinophilia; controls had normal esophageal biopsies. A Köppen-Geiger (K-G) climate class was assigned to each patient, and the association between case-control status and the main K-G climate type (tropical, arid, temperate, or cold) was assessed.
resultsA total of 233,649 patients were included, 71,948 (30.8%) with normal esophageal biopsies and 9,995 (4.3%) with esophageal eosinophilia. Using the temperate zone as the referent and after multivariable analysis, the odds of esophageal eosinophilia were highest in the cold climate zone (odds ratio (OR)=1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34-1.47), compared with the tropical zone (OR=0.87; 95% CI: 0.71-10.8) and the arid zone (OR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.19-1.36). Increased likelihood of EoE was also associated with increasing odds of being in the cold climate zone. Compared with patients with normal esophageal biopsies, patients with dysphagia, a clinical suspicion of EoE, no reflux or Barrett's esophagus, esophageal eosinophilia, and eosinophilic microabscesses had the highest adjusted odds of being in a cold climate zone (OR 2.02; 1.78-2.28).
conclusionsEsophageal eosinophilia differs significantly between K-G climate zones, with the highest prevalence in the cold and arid zones. Geographical and climate patterns may help identify candidate antigens characteristic to high-prevalence areas to be targeted for future investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.