Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22308192›Full record

ArticleStatistics and its interface2011

Controlling Population Structure in Human Genetic Association Studies with Samples of Unrelated Individuals.

Nianjun Liu, Hongyu Zhao, Amit Patki, Nita A Limdi, David B Allison

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Statistics and its interface, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Frontiers in plant science · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nianjun LiuDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294.
Hongyu Zhao
Amit Patki
Nita A Limdi
David B Allison

Funding

Why is the prevalence of obesity so high in U.S. Southern States? Regional predictors of BMI and obesity treatment response.P30DK056336 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI James O Hill · 2000 to 2026
$31.9M
Theoretical Studies of Linkage DisequilibriumP01GM057672 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI WARD, DAVID C · 1998 to 2008
$11.0M
Predictors of hemorrhage among patients on direct acting oral anticoagulantsR01HL092173 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LIMDI, NITA A · 2008 to 2023
$10.4M
STATISTICAL METHODS TO MAP GENES FOR COMPLEX TRAITSR01GM059507 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI ZHAO, HONGYU · 1999 to 2013
$3.6M
Genome Wide Haplotype Association AnalysisR01GM081488 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LIU, NIANJUN · 2008 to 2012
$1.3M
Genome-wide Structured Association Testing & Regional Admixture MappingR01GM077490 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LIU, NIANJUN · 2007 to 2010
$1.1M
Pharmacogenetic Optimization of Anticoagulation TherapyK23NS045598 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LIMDI, NITA A · 2003 to 2007
$795k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL092173NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056336NIGMS NIH HHS P01 GM057672NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM059507NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM077490NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM081488NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS045598
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In genetic studies, associations between genotypes and phenotypes may be confounded by unrecognized population structure and/or admixture. Studies have shown that even in European populations, which are thought to be relatively homogeneous, population stratification exists and can affect the validity of association studies. A number of methods have been proposed to address this issue in recent years. Among them, the mixed-model based approach and the principal component-based approach have several advantages over other methods. However, these approaches have not been thoroughly evaluated on large human datasets. The objectives of this study are to (1) evaluate and compare the performance of the mixed-model approach and the principal component-based approach for genetic association mapping using human data consisting of unrelated individuals, and (2) understand the relationship between these two approaches. To achieve these goals, we simulate datasets based on the HapMap data under various scenarios. Our results indicate that the mixed-model approach performs well in controlling for population structure/admixture. It has similar performance as that based on principal component analysis. However, the approach combining mixed-model and principal component analysis does not perform as well as either method itself.

Identifiers

PMID22308192
PMCPMC3269890

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.