ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2012
Endogenous reproductive hormones and C-reactive protein across the menstrual cycle: the BioCycle Study.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of estrogen and progesterone on neuroactive steroids and cytokines in patients with suicidality.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Trial
- Potential Modulation of Inflammation and Physical Function by Combined Probiotics, Omega-3 Supplementation and Vitamin D Supplementation in Overweight/Obese Patients with Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Trial
- Only vulnerable adults show change in chronic low-grade inflammation after contemplative mental training: evidence from a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- C-Reactive protein in relation to fecundability and anovulation among eumenorrheic women.Fertility and sterility · 2018Trial
- Menstrual Profiles and Cardiovascular Markers Among a Cohort of Female Adolescent Athletes.International journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- Thymus Involution across the Human Menstrual Cycle.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Premenstrual syndrome and inflammatory activity in adolescent familial Mediterranean fever.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- The role of oral contraceptive use in associations of concussion history with kynurenine pathway metabolites, inflammation, and psychological symptoms in female athletes.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Increased C-Reactive Protein Concentrations During Menstruation May Be Important for the Pathophysiology of Endometriosis and Possibly for Adhesion Formation-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Investigation of the relationship between pentraxin 3 levels and pain in patients with primary dysmenorrhea.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Personalized Low-Invasive Approach to Chronic Endometritis Evaluation in Premenopausal Women: Machine Learning-Based Modeling.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Combined Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of Thrombosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation and Neuroprotection, Inflammation, Fatigue, and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- C-reactive protein and the menstrual cycle in females with sickle cell disease.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2025Article
- Hormonal contraceptives in adolescence impact the neuroimmune environment of the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in female rats.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- The Role of High-SensitivityNutrients · 2025Article
- Fertility failure of vulvar and vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in dairy cows associated with reproductive hormonal disturbance, vulvar and vaginal hyperplasia, acute phase protein production, and histopathological changes.Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Associations between past infectious mononucleosis diagnosis and 47 inflammatory and vascular stress biomarkers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The combined effect of CRP and blood pressure on the risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The recovery process across the menstrual cycle in recreational female athletes: a prospective cohort study.Sport sciences for health · 2025Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the most commonly used markers of acute phase reaction in clinical settings and predictors of cardiovascular risk in healthy women; however, data on its physiologic regulation in premenopausal women are sparse. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between endogenous reproductive hormones and CRP in the BioCycle Study (2005-2007). Women aged 18-44 years from western New York were followed prospectively for up to 2 menstrual cycles (n = 259). Serum levels of CRP, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured up to 8 times per cycle, timed by fertility monitors. CRP levels varied significantly across the cycle (P < 0.001). More women were classified as being at elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CRP, >3 mg/L) during menses compared with other phases (12.3% vs. 7.4%; P < 0.001). A 10-fold increase in estradiol was associated with a 24.3% decrease in CRP (95% confidence interval: 19.3, 29.0). A 10-fold increase in luteal progesterone was associated with a 19.4% increase in CRP (95% confidence interval: 8.4, 31.5). These results support the hypothesis that endogenous estradiol might have antiinflammatory effects and highlight the need for standardization of CRP measurement to menstrual cycle phase in reproductive-aged women.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.