Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22306406›Full record

ArticleJournal of molecular biology2012

Identification of a minimal region of the HIV-1 5'-leader required for RNA dimerization, NC binding, and packaging.

Xiao Heng, Siarhei Kharytonchyk, Eric L Garcia, Kun Lu, Sai Sachin Divakaruni, Courtney LaCotti, Kedy Edme, Alice Telesnitsky, Michael F Summers

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of molecular biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

84 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Application of NMR to Large RNAs.Journal of molecular biology · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Role of RNA structural plasticity in modulating HIV-1 genome packaging and translation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Sequestering the 5'-cap for viral RNA packaging.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2022
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Selective packaging of HIV-1 RNA genome is guided by the stability of 5' untranslated region polyA stem.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Show your cap or be packaged into HIV-1.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
  20. Article

24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xiao HengHoward Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Siarhei Kharytonchyk
Eric L Garcia
Kun Lu
Sai Sachin Divakaruni
Courtney LaCotti
Kedy Edme
Alice Telesnitsky
Michael F Summers
University of Maryland, Baltimore County · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · US

Funding

The MARC U*STAR Program at UMBCT34GM008663 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY · PI ROBINSON, PHYLLIS R · 1997 to 2019
$21.9M
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AT MICHIGANT32GM007315 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI PUTHENVEEDU, MANOJKUMAR A · 1985 to 2021
$12.8M
NMR STUDIES OF RETROVIRAL NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEINSR01GM042561 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE COUNTY · PI SUMMERS, MICHAEL FINLEY · 1994 to 2019
$9.4M
NMR STUDIES OF RETROVIRAL NUCLEIC ACID BINDING PROTEINSR29GM042561 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALT CO CAMPUS · PI SUMMERS, MICHAEL F. · 1989 to 1993
–
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIGMS NIH HHS 2T34 GM008663NIGMS NIH HHS GM 42561NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM042561NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007315NIGMS NIH HHS T34 GM008663
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Assembly of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles is initiated in the cytoplasm by the formation of a ribonucleoprotein complex comprising the dimeric RNA genome and a small number of viral Gag polyproteins. Genomes are recognized by the nucleocapsid (NC) domains of Gag, which interact with packaging elements believed to be located primarily within the 5'-leader (5'-L) of the viral RNA. Recent studies revealed that the native 5'-L exists as an equilibrium of two conformers, one in which dimer-promoting residues and NC binding sites are sequestered and packaging is attenuated, and one in which these sites are exposed and packaging is promoted. To identify the elements within the dimeric 5'-L that are important for packaging, we generated HIV-1 5'-L RNAs containing mutations and deletions designed to eliminate substructures without perturbing the overall structure of the leader and examined effects of the mutations on RNA dimerization, NC binding, and packaging. Our findings identify a 159-residue RNA packaging signal that possesses dimerization and NC binding properties similar to those of the intact 5'-L and contains elements required for efficient RNA packaging.

Indexed as

5' Untranslated RegionsBase SequenceDimerizationGene Products, gagHIV-1HIV Long Terminal RepeatMolecular Sequence DataMutationNucleocapsidPoly ARNA, Viral5' Untranslated RegionsGene Products, gagPoly ARNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID22306406
PMCPMC3296369
OpenAlexW2154962388

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.