Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22305345›Full record

ReviewBrain stimulation2012

Fundamentals of transcranial electric and magnetic stimulation dose: definition, selection, and reporting practices.

Angel V Peterchev, Timothy A Wagner, Pedro C Miranda, Michael A Nitsche, Walter Paulus, Sarah H Lisanby, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Marom Bikson

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Brain stimulation, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 177 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
177citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03122821 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Transcranial Stimulation Augmented With Mental Imagery in Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorMajmaah UniversityRan2017 to 2022Enrolled64ConditionsStrokeArmsReal Transcranial direct stimulation+Mental Imagery, Sham Transcranial Direct Stimulation +Mental Imagery
NCT04461470 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

6-Month Outcomes of Pulsed Electro Resonance to Nucleotide Sources Revealing Cell Sensory Experience in Pain Relief, Stress Relief and Anti-ageing Homeostatic Restoration

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorhz ClinicRan2019 to 2024Enrolled5,000ConditionsPain, Stress, Ageing Signs, Immunity CompromiseArmsepigenetic longitudinal waves
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

177 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  5. Safety and recommendations for TMS use in healthy subjects and patient populations, with updates on training, ethical and regulatory issues: Expert Guidelines.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021
    Guideline
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117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Angel V PeterchevDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. angel.peterchev@duke.edu
Timothy A Wagner
Pedro C Miranda
Michael A Nitsche
Walter Paulus
Sarah H Lisanby
Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Marom Bikson

Funding

HARVARD CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE CENTER (UL1)UL1RR025758 · NCRR · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI NADLER, LEE MARSHALL · 2008 to 2011
$91.4M
ZINC STATUS AND T CELL DISORDER IN MILD HUMAN ZINC DEFICIENCYM01RR001032 · NCRR · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI PASCUAL-LEONE, ALVARO · 1985 to 2008
$32.3M
Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (UL1)UL1TR000170 · NCATS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI NADLER, LEE MARSHALL · 2012 to 2013
$31.4M
MAGNETIC STIMULATION THERAPY: A NEW CONVULSIVE TREATMENTR01MH060884 · NIMH · NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC · PI LISANBY, SARAH H · 2000 to 2008
$3.5M
2/8-Prolonging Remission in Depressed Elderly (PRIDE)U01MH084241 · NIMH · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI WEINER, RICHARD D. · 2009 to 2013
$2.1M
Rational Dosing for Electric and Magnetic Seizure TherapyR01MH091083 · NIMH · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI PETERCHEV, ANGEL V · 2010 to 2015
$1.9M
Study and Modulation of Brian PlasticityK24RR018875 · NCRR · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI PASCUAL-LEONE, ALVARO · 2004 to 2008
$602k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000170NCRR NIH HHS K24 RR018875NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR001032NCRR NIH HHS MO1 RR01032NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025758NIMH NIH HHS 5R01MH060884-09NIMH NIH HHS 5U01MH084241-02NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH060884NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH091083NIMH NIH HHS R01MH091083NIMH NIH HHS R01MH091083-01NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH084241PHS HHS NIGMS 41341-03-30PHS HHS NIMH 41771-00-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe growing use of transcranial electric and magnetic (EM) brain stimulation in basic research and in clinical applications necessitates a clear understanding of what constitutes the dose of EM stimulation and how it should be reported.

methodsThis paper provides fundamental definitions and principles for reporting of dose that encompass any transcranial EM brain stimulation protocol.

resultsThe biologic effects of EM stimulation are mediated through an electromagnetic field injected (via electric stimulation) or induced (via magnetic stimulation) in the body. Therefore, transcranial EM stimulation dose ought to be defined by all parameters of the stimulation device that affect the electromagnetic field generated in the body, including the stimulation electrode or coil configuration parameters: shape, size, position, and electrical properties, as well as the electrode or coil current (or voltage) waveform parameters: pulse shape, amplitude, width, polarity, and repetition frequency; duration of and interval between bursts or trains of pulses; total number of pulses; and interval between stimulation sessions and total number of sessions. Knowledge of the electromagnetic field generated in the body may not be sufficient but is necessary to understand the biologic effects of EM stimulation.

conclusionsWe believe that reporting of EM stimulation dose should be guided by the principle of reproducibility: sufficient information about the stimulation parameters should be provided so that the dose can be replicated.

Indexed as

BrainElectric StimulationElectric Stimulation TherapyElectromagnetic FieldsHumansReproducibility of ResultsTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation

Identifiers

PMID22305345
PMCPMC3346863

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.